适于北江水质生物评价的附着硅藻指数研究  

Study of Proper Diatom-based Indices for Bioassessment of Water Quality in Beijiang Watershed

作　　者：黎征武[1] 曹然[1] 毛建忠[2] 盛萧 王旭涛 邓培雁[1] LI Zhengwu;CAO Ran;MAO Jianzhong;SHENG Xiao;WANG Xutao;DENG Peiyan(School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China;Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources in Yunnan Province, Kunming 650106, China;Water Environment Monitoring Center of Pearl River Basin, Guangzhou 510611, China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学化学与环境学院,广东广州510631 [2]云南省水文水资源局,云南昆明650106 [3]珠江流域水环境监测中心,广东广州510611

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2017年第2期275-284,共10页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：广东省水利科技创新项目(2014-16)

摘　　要：采用主成分、层次聚类、箱型图和双向指示种分析(TWINSPAN)等方法,研究了15项附着硅藻指数在北江流域的适用性。在北江流域25个监测点中,共鉴定出附着硅藻2目6科30属98个种和亚种,相对丰度为5%以上的硅藻属有曲壳藻属(Achnanthes)、菱形藻属(Nitzschia)、舟形藻属(Navicula)和直链藻属(Melosira),分别为34.4%、18.1%、8.6%和7.3%。相对丰度为5%以上的硅藻种有极小曲壳藻(Achnanthes minutissima),极小曲丝藻(Achnanthidium minutissimum),克劳斯菱形藻(Nitzschia clausii)和可变直链藻(Melosira varians)。附着硅藻指数间,罗特营养指数(Rott Trophic Index,ROTT)和洛博指数(Lobo Index,LOBO)与其他指数相关性较弱,硅藻生物指数(Biological Diatom Index,IBD)和富营养污染硅藻指数(Diatom Eutrophication Pollution Index,EPI-D)呈极显著相关(r=0.915,P<0.01)。硅藻指数与水质指标的相关性分析表明,斯雷德切克指数(Sláde?ek Index,SLA)和LOBO与电导率(Cond)、溶解氧(DO)和总磷(TP)等10项水质指标间均无相关性,其他指数与某个或某几个水质指标有一定的相关性。对10项水质指标加权后进行层次聚类,结果表明阿图瓦-皮卡第硅藻指数(Artois-Picardy Diatom Index,IDAP)、特定污染敏感指数(Specific Polluosensitivity Index,IPS)、硅藻属指数(Generic Diatom Index,IDG)和IBD与水质分类结果较一致。利用TWINSPAN对样点和硅藻群落进行分类后绘制箱型图,结果表明,IBD对样点水质的变化最为敏感。结果表明,IBD是适合北江流域水质评价的硅藻指数。The applicability of fifteen diatom indices(IDAP,SHE,IPS,TDI,IDP,EPI-D,DI-CH,SLA,IDG,ROTT,IBD,WAT,DES,CEE and LOBO)in evaluating the water quality of Beijiang Watershed was studied with correlation analysis,principalcomponent analysis,hierarchical clustering,box plot analysis and two-way indicator species analysis(TWINSPAN)in order todetermine the consistency of benthic diatom indices and single factor index method for water quality classification.During thestudy,25monitoring points were set in Beijiang Watershed,located in Guangdong Province,to survey the community structurefeatures and distribution of benthic diatoms therein,Ninety eight taxa of benthic diatoms,belonging to two Orders,six Familiesand thirty Genera,were identified during the survey.The dominant genara include Achnanthes,Nitzschia,Navicula andMelosira,with a relative abundance of34.4%,18.1%,8.6%and7.3%,respectively.The dominant species were Achnanthesminutissima,Achnanthidium minutissimum,Nitzschia clausii,and Melosira varians,with a relative abundance of16.2%,10.9%,8.9%and7.6%,respectively.Correlation analysis between diatom indices shows that ROTT and LOBO have lower correlationthan other indices,and IBD shows highly significant correlation with EPI-D(r=0.915,P<0.01).Correlation analysis of diatomindices and physicochemical variables reveals that SLA and LOBO no significant correlation with physicochemical variables,while the other eleven indices had certain correlation with one or several variables.Hierarchical clustering was then applied toten variables after weighing,and IDAP,IPS,IDG and IBD are found to have consistency with the classification of water quality.TWINSPAN analysis indicates IBD has the best performance in box plot,compared with all other diatom indices.In conclusion,the results indicate that IBD is a good indicator for water quality assessment in Beijiang Watershed.

关 键 词：附着硅藻 指数 适用性 北江 水质评价 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]