井下喷射孔结构压降计算中流量系数的探讨  

Discussion on flow rate coefficient used for the calculation of downhole jet orifice pressure drop

作　　者：姚利明[1] 刘巨保[1] 韩雪[2] 刘玉喜[3] 花明泽 董日治 YAO Liming;LIU Jubao;HAN Xue;LIU Yuxi;HUA Mingze;DONG Rizhi(College of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163000, Heilongjiang, China;No.1 Oil Field Process Team, No.4 Oil Production Plant, PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Company, Daqing 163511, Heilongjiang, China;Engineering Geological Technology Team of Downhole Operation Company, PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Company, Daqing 163453, Heilongjiang, China)

机构地区：[1]东北石油大学机械科学与工程学院 [2]大庆油田有限责任公司第四采油厂 [3]大庆油田井下作业分公司工程地质技术大队

出　　处：《石油钻采工艺》2017年第2期169-175,共7页Oil Drilling & Production Technology

基　　金：研究生科技创新项目"页岩油气藏压裂管柱输送流体机理研究"(编号:YJSCX2015-023NEPU)

摘　　要：石油钻采工程中有大量喷嘴、射孔孔眼等喷射孔结构,在复杂工程流体下,其喷射压降计算流量系数选取范围大,严重影响工艺设计和施工安全。为此,基于钻采、压裂和套管射孔中常见的喷射孔结构压降计算公式,分析了影响喷射孔压降计算的主要因素,采用数值模拟方法,得出了圆锥、圆弧带圆柱出口的喷射孔结构流量系数计算公式,并考虑流体物性对流量系数的影响,给出了流量系数的统一计算公式。经实验和数值仿真计算,验证了该流量系数公式的可靠性,为石油钻采工程中喷嘴、射孔孔眼等喷射孔结构的压降计算提供了理论依据。Jet orifices(e.g.nozzle and perforation)are abundantly applied in petroleum drilling and production engineering.In the case of complex engineering fluid,the flow rate coefficient calculated from jet pressure drop is selected in the large range,so technological design and construction safety are impacted seriously.In this paper,the main factors influencing the calculation of jet orifice pressure drop were analyzed based on the calculation formula of jet orifice pressure drop which is commonly used for drilling,production,fracturing and casing perforation.Then,the formula for calculating the flow rate coefficient of jet orifice at cylinder outlet of taper or arc belt was established by means of numerical simulation.Finally,the identical calculation formula of flow rate coefficient was provided by taking into consideration the effects of physical properties on flow rate coefficient of fluids.And its reliability was verified by virtue of experiments and numerical simulation.It provides the theoretical basis for calculating the pressure drop of jet orifices(e.g.nozzle and perforation)in oil drilling and production engineering.

关 键 词：喷嘴 压降 流量系数 数值仿真 

分 类 号：TE248[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]