稻壳热解提质制取生物油的LCA分析  

Life cycle assessment of biofuels production via rice husk fast pyrolysis and upgrading

作　　者：吕子婷 仲兆平[1] 石坤[1] 于点[1] LV Zi-ting;ZHONG Zhao-ping;SHI Kun;YU Dian(Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education,School of Energy and Environmental, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学能源与环境学院,能源热转化与过程测控教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210096

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2017年第5期1844-1851,共8页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家“973”项目(2013CB228106);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51276040)

摘　　要：基于建立的稻壳快速热解超临界乙醇提质(PY-USE)和催化加氢提质(PY-CH)生命周期评价(LCA)模型,对两工艺的环境影响潜值进行了计算和比较.结果表明PY-CH生物油的化石资源消耗潜值(FDP),全球变暖潜值(GWP),臭氧层耗竭潜值(ODP),光化学臭氧形成潜值(POCP)和酸化潜值(AP)均比PY-USE工艺低,但人体毒性潜值(HTP)和富营养化潜值(EP)比PY-USE高;两工艺的环境影响的主要来源分别是化石乙醇和农业子系统,使用生物乙醇替代化石乙醇,可降低PY-USE生物油的环境影响潜值;与化石燃料相比,PY-USE和PY-CH生物油的FDP、GWP和ODP降低,HTP、POCP、AP和EP均有所增加,其中PY-USE生物油的GWP与化石柴油,汽油相比分别减少了38.83%及45.93%,PY-CH生物油的GWP相比化石柴油、汽油分别减少了73.50%和76.58%.The environmental potential impacts of rice husk fast pyrolysis and upgrading in supercritical ethanol(PY-USE)system and catalytic hydrotreating system(PY-CH)were calculated and compared based on the life cycle assessment(LCA)models.The results of this work revealed that FDP,GWP,ODP,POCP and AP of the PY-CH system were lower than those of the PY-USE system,while the HTP and EP was higher than that of PY-USE system.The fossil ethanol consumed during fast pyrolysis and upgrading process and agriculture system were the main sources of the potential environmental impacts of the PY-USE and PY-CH system,respectively.It was founded that the impact of the pyrolysis fuels were lower than that of the fossil fuels for FDP,GWP and ODP,but higher for HTP,POCP,AP and EP.LCA results showed that greenhouse gas(GHG)saving of38.83%and45.93%for the produced fuel of PY-USE system compared to conventional gasoline and diesel,while the GHG saving of73.50%and76.58%for the fuel of PY-CH system.

关 键 词：生命周期评价 超临界乙醇提质 催化加氢提质 环境影响 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]