吸附百白破疫苗预防接种副反应的原因和预防对策  

Causes and preventive measures to prevent adverse reaction of adsorbed diphtheria pertussis tetanus vaccine inoculation

作　　者：曹爱英 Aiying CAO(Karamay People's Hospital, Karamay 834000, China)

机构地区：[1]克拉玛依市人民医院,克拉玛依834000

出　　处：《临床检验杂志（电子版）》2016年第4期208-210,共3页Clinical Laboratory Journal(Electronic Edition)

摘　　要：目的探讨吸附百白破疫苗预防接种副反应的原因和预防对策。方法选取2012年6月-2014年6月于我院预防接种门诊接种吸附百白破疫苗的2,860例儿童作为观察对象,依据月龄分为加强免疫组(18月龄-24月龄,n=2,235)和基础免疫组(3月龄-6月龄,n=625),2,860例儿童中有40例出现副反应,回顾性分析其临床资料,分析副反应出现的原因,研究相应的预防对策。结果对两组副反应情况进行比较,加强免疫组的全身反应、局部反应发生率均显著高于基础免疫组(P<0.05);春冬季接种的副反应发生率明显低于夏秋季,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论接种吸附百白破疫苗时需要选择准确的接种途径,明确接种部位,充分摇匀药液,并做好接种前后消毒和卫生宣教工作;尽量避免炎热高温季节接种疫苗。Objective To explore the causes and preventive measures to prevent adverse reaction ofadsorbed diphtheria pertussis tetanus vaccine inoculation.Methods A total of2,860children adsorbed diphtheriapertussis tetanus vaccine from June2012to June2014in our hospital were selected.The subjects weredivided into strengthen immune group(18months-24months,n=2,235)and basic immune group(3months-6months,n=625)according to the age of subjects.Among2,860cases of children,40cases appeared side effects.The clinical data of these patients were analyzed retrospectively,and the causes of side effects were analyzed toformulate corresponding preventive measures.Results The incidence of side effects in the strengthen immunegroup was significantly higher than that in the basic immune group(P<0.05).The incidence of side effects waslower in spring and winter than in summer and autumn,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Inoculation adsorbed diphtheria pertussis tetanus vaccine should select accurate route of vaccination,clear the site of inoculation,fully shake liquid,and make disinfection before and after vaccination and dowell health education work,and also try to avoid inoculation in hot season.

关 键 词：副反应 吸附百白破疫苗 预防对策 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]