黄河三角洲盐碱土冬小麦氮磷肥料效应模型研究  

Comparison of fertilizer-effect models on winter wheat response to nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers in saline soils in the Yellow River Delta

作　　者：单晶晶[1,2] 陈小兵[1] 尹春艳[1,2] 文佩[1,2] 颜坤[1] 张立华[1] 张立宾 付希强 孙海栓 CHEN Xiaobing;SHAN Jingjing;YIN Chunyan;WEN Pei;YAN Kun;ZHANG Lihua;ZHANG Libin;FU Xiqiang;SUN Haishuan(Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation / Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049,China;Dongying Institute of Scientific and Technical Information, Dongying 257091, China;Shandong Huibangbohai Agricultural Development Co. Ltd., Dongying 257091, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所/中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室,烟台264003 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]东营市科技情报研究所,东营257091 [4]山东省汇邦渤海农业开发有限公司,东营257091

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2017年第7期1016-1024,共9页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFD0200303);山东省重点研发计划(2016CYJS05A01-1);东营市重点研发计划项目(2016YF17);中国科学院海岸研究所部署项目(Y254021031)资助

摘　　要：通过大田试验,研究了黄河三角洲盐碱土地区冬小麦合适的肥料效应模型。在冬小麦生长季设置4种不同的氮磷肥用量,根据"3414"试验设计8种不同的肥效试验处理,以探讨线性加平台、一元二次、平方根和二元二次4种不同模型的拟合效果。结果显示,4种肥料效应模型的拟合结果经检验都达到极显著水平(P<0.01)。在一元肥料效应模型中,氮磷一元二次模型拟合效果最好,最高收益分别为7 448.3元·hm^(-2)和7 357.7元·hm^(-2),最佳经济氮磷用量分别为254.4 kg·hm^(-2)和98.6 kg·hm^(-2)。对比一元与二元模型,后者拟合效果较好,最佳经济氮磷用量分别为244.1 kg·hm^(-2)和94.2 kg·hm^(-2),即氮磷肥配比为2.6∶1,经济效益为7 432.4元·hm^(-2),氮肥农学利用率为6.2 kg(籽粒)·kg^(-1)(N),磷肥农学利用率为13.8 kg(籽粒)·kg^(-1)(P_2O_5)。结合拟合度、最佳经济施肥量、经济收益、肥料农学利用率和一元模型的局限性分析得出,二元二次肥料效应模型最优,可作为黄河三角洲地区盐碱土冬小麦氮磷肥效模型的最佳选择。Salt-affected soils distribute widely across the Yellow River Delta,which inhibit plant growth and crop yield in this area.Although fertilizer application can alleviate the adverse impact of salinization on crop,little remains known about the performanceof different fertilizer-effect models on simulation of‘3414’fertilizer experiments in winter wheat field in saline soils.Among the essential elements,nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)are usually the most important nutrients limiting plant growth insaline or non-saline soils.In this study,four fertilizer-effect models were used to simulate the impact of N and P fertilizers onwheat yield in a field experiment in Lijin County of Shandong Province.The study aimed at selecting suitable fertilizer-effectmodel for wheat grown in saline soils in the Yellow River Delta.Four levels of N and P fertilizers(N:0kg·hm?2,135kg·hm?2,170kg·hm?2,405kg·hm?2;P:0kg·hm?2,53kg·hm?2,105kg·hm?2,157.5kg·hm?2)were set in eight treatments based on the‘3414’test in order to investigate the fit effect of the four fertilizer-effect models-linear plus plateau,unary quadratic,squareroot and binary quadratic.To ensure the accuracy of fertilizer-effect models,the least square method was used in the statisticalregression analysis.The results suggested that the four fertilizer-effect models had an extremely significant level(P<0.01)basedon the fit test.Unary quadratic model of effects of N and P fertilizers was the best among unary fertilizer-effect models,whichsuggested that the highest income levels were7448.3￥·hm?2and7357.7￥·hm?2and the recommended N and P rates were254.4kg·hm?2and98.6kg·hm?2,respectively.Compared with the unary models,binary model was better.In binary model,thebest N and P application amounts were respectively244.1kg·hm?2and94.2kg·hm?2,with N to P ratio of2.6.In the model,theeconomic benefit and agronomic efficiency of N and P were7432.4￥·hm?2,6.2kg(grain)·kg?1(N)and13.8kg(grain)·kg?1(P2O5),respectively.On the basis of the fitted curve,the binary quadrati

关 键 词：肥料效应模型 氮磷肥 最佳经济施肥量 冬小麦 盐碱土 黄河三角洲 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学]