西瓜连作对热区土壤微生物多样性的影响  

Response of Soil Microbial Diversities to Continuous Watermelon Cropping in Tropical Region in China

作　　者：吴宇佳[1,2,3] 谢良商[1,2,3] 张冬明[1,2,3] 吉清妹 郑道君[1] WU Yujia;XIE Liangshang;ZHANG Dongming;JI Qingmei;ZHENG Daojun(Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation (Hainan), Ministry of Agriculture, Haikou 571100, China;Hainan Key of Arable Land Conservation, Haikou 571100, China)

机构地区：[1]海南省农业科学院,海南海口571100 [2]农业部海南耕地保育科学观测试验站,海南海口571100 [3]海南省耕地保育重点实验室,海南海口571100

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2017年第5期778-784,共7页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(312082)

摘　　要：连作障碍一直是困扰人们的一个难题。应用RAPD技术对热区西瓜[Citrullus lanatus(Thunb.)Matsum.et Nakai]连作土壤微生物多样性进行研究,为解决西瓜连作障碍提供科学的理论依据。通过对RAPD进行条件优化和引物筛选,筛选出18条RAPD随机引物用于西瓜根根际土壤DNA的扩增,共扩增出154条谱带。154条谱带均为多态性带,PPB为100%,平均每个引物产生8.56条带。并应用RAPD分析不同茬数西瓜4个生育期中根际及非根际土壤微生物多样性和群落变化,以及同一茬数土壤微生物群落各指数在4个不同时期的变化趋势。结果显示,西瓜连作不同生长期根际和非根际土壤微生物多样性的变化均较大,丰富度指数、Dsh和Jsh的变异系数均在29%以上。单因素分析显示,西瓜连作对不同生长期根际微生物多样性的影响显著(P<0.05)。进一步分析表明,取样温度与根际、非根际微生物多样性指数呈显著正相关,相关性系数达0.82以上。西瓜连作根际土壤微生物多样性显著下降,不同生长期,根际微生物多样性受连作影响不同,第二茬初果期土壤微生物多样性受影响最大,第3茬初果期次之,变异系数分别达22.43%和15.53%。In the modern agricultural production,continuous cropping obstacle is always one big problem to us.Many ways wereattempted,but there were no effective methods to overcome continuous cropping obstacles.We have investigated the application ofRAPD technology in tropical soil microbial diversity of watermelon continuous cropping.In order to provide scientific basis forsolving the problem of watermelon continuous cropping obstacle.Screening and optimization of primers for RAPD,screened18RAPD random primers were used to amplify the watermelon root rhizosphere soil DNA.A total of154bands were amplified,ofwhich154(100%)were polymorphic:the average was8.56per primer.RAPD technique was used to analyze the changes of soilmicrobial diversity and soil community in the rhizosphere and non rhizosphere of different cropping during the four growth stages.The changes of soil microbial communities in the same cropping during the four growth stages were also analyzed by RAPD.Theresults showed that the changes of microbial diversity were larger both in the rhizosphere and non rhizosphere soil during the fourgrowth stages.The variation coefficients of richness index,Dsh and Jsh were more than29%.Single factor analysis showed that theeffects of continuous cropping on microbial diversity were significant in rhizosphere and non rhizosphere(P<0.05).Further analysisshowed that the sampling temperature was positively correlated with the rhizosphere and non rhizosphere microbial diversity index,and the correlation coefficient was more than0.82.Soil microbial diversity decreased significantly in the rhizosphere soil ofcontinuous watermelon cropping.In different growth stages,the response of rhizosphere microbial diversity was different.The soilmicrobial diversity had the greatest influence on soil microbial diversity during the second-third period,and the variation coefficientwas22.43%and15.53%.In early fruiting stage of the second cropping,the Response of microbial diversity was maximum.Earlyfruiting stage of the third cropping was second on

关 键 词：连作 西瓜 土壤微生物多样性 RAPD 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学] X17[农业科学—农业基础科学]