交联羧甲基淀粉的制备及其对重金属离子的吸附性能  

Synthesis of cross-linked carboxymethyl starch and its adsorption properties on heavy metal ions

作　　者：张昊[1] 范新宇[1] 王建坤[1] 郭晶[1] 梁卡[1] ZHANG Hao;FAN Xinyu;WANG Jiankun;GUO Jing;LIANG Ka(College of Textile,Tianjin Polytechnic University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学纺织学院,天津300387

出　　处：《化工进展》2017年第7期2554-2561,共8页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51503147)

摘　　要：以玉米淀粉为原料,环氧氯丙烷为交联剂,氯乙酸为醚化剂,制备了交联羧甲基淀粉(CCMS)。讨论了醚化反应机理,并确定了最佳反应条件:n(氢氧化钠)∶n(氯乙酸)∶n(淀粉)为1.2∶1∶1,反应温度为50℃。通过FTIR、XRD和SEM对产物结构进行了表征。对重金属离子的吸附实验结果表明,取代度为0.581的CCMS,对Zn^(2+)与Co^(2+)两种金属离子的去除率分别可达92.48%和93.79%,远高于活性炭,并好于丙烯酸系弱酸性阳离子交换树脂。CCMS还具有较强的再生性能,经两次再生后吸附量仍保持在原来的70%以上。上述结果表明CCSM作为天然高分子系吸附材料有良好的工业化前景,并可作为合成树脂类吸附剂的潜在替代品。Cross-linked carboxymethyl starch was synthesized by corn starch using epichlorohydrin ascross-linking agent,and chloroacetic acid as etherifying agent.The etherification reaction mechanismwas discussed and the optimum reaction conditions were ascertained as follows:n(sodium hydroxide)∶n(acetic acid)∶n(starch)is1.2∶1∶1,and the reaction temperature was50℃.The structure wascharacterized by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and scanning electronmicroscopy(SEM).When the DS was0.581,adsorption experimental results for heavy metal ionsshowed that the removal rate of the CCMS on Zn(Ⅱ)and Co(Ⅱ)were92.48%and93.79%,respectively,which were much higher than that of activated carbon and were better than that of acrylicacid type cation exchange resin.CCMS also had a favorable regeneration performance,after two timesof regeneration the amount of adsorption was still maintained at more than70%of the originaladsorption.This indicated that CCSM had a bright future in commercial application as a natural polymeradsorption material,and can be used as a potential substitute for synthetic resin adsorbents.

关 键 词：交联羧甲基淀粉 重金属离子 吸附剂 再生 环境保护 

分 类 号：O636.1[理学—高分子化学]