“二十四节气”在中国产生的原因及现实意义  

The Origin and Significance of Twenty-four Solar Terms in China

作　　者：徐旺生[1] Xu Wangsheng

机构地区：[1]中国农业博物馆研究部

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2017年第4期95-101,共7页The Central Plains Culture Research

摘　　要："二十四节气"是古代中国人通过观察太阳周期运动,发现一年中时令、气候、物候等方面变化规律并结合农业产生特点,指导生产与生活所形成的知识体系和社会实践。它是中国古代劳动人民智慧的结晶,也是古代中国人生产与生活方式的综合体现。"二十四节气"作为一种中国独有的文化,其产生的客观基础与黄河流域处于四季分明的中纬度地区有关;其产生的主观背景与中国古代社会悠久的农耕历史、发达的农学思想、和谐的文化理念相关;其产生的技术条件与古代中国发达的天文知识有关;其产生的制度因素与秦汉以来的郡县制度与重农政策密切相关。"二十四节气"是中国文化和谐模式的产物,不同于西欧以征服和控制自然为目的的工业文明。因此,"二十四节气"仍然具有重要的文化意义与现实价值,尤其是当中国越来越多地站在世界舞台中心时,它作为中国文化的一个核心名片,体现出了与自然和谐发展的宗旨,有利于让世界更多地了解中国。“Twenty-four solar term”is the knowledge system and social practice guiding people’s production and life summarized by ancient Chinese based on the finding of the changes of season,climate and phenology in a year by observing the solar cycle movement,and combination with agricultural production characteristics.It is the crystallization of the wisdom of the laboring people in ancient China,and also a comprehensive expression of the production and life style of the ancient Chinese.The objective basis of emergence of“Twenty-four solar term”as a unique Chinese culture,is connected with mid latitude region in the Yellow River basin with four seasons.The subjective background is associated with long agricultural history,developed agricultural ideas and cultural ideas of harmony in ancient Chinese society.The technical conditions are associated with the developed knowledge of astronomy in ancient China.The system factors are closely related with the system of prefectures and counties and the agricultural policy system since the Qin and Han Dynasties.“Twenty-four solar terms”system is the product of the harmonious mode of Chinese culture,which is different from that of Western Europe for the purpose of conquering and controlling nature.Therefore,the“twenty-four solar term”still has a cultural significance and important practical value,especially when China stands in the world stage center,it is a core name card of Chinese culture,reflecting the purpose of harmonious development with nature,and conducive to making the world to know more about China.

关 键 词：“二十四节气” 农耕基因 和谐理念 郡县制度 

分 类 号：K232[历史地理—历史学]