南方气候条件下双季板栗1年生枝短截对开花及生长的影响  

Effect of Short-cutting on Florescence and Growth of Annual Branches of Castanea shuangji under South Climatic Conditions

作　　者：潘晓芳[1] 陈洋[1] PAN Xiao-fang;CHEN Yang(Forestry College of Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学林学院,南宁530004

出　　处：《广西林业科学》2017年第2期130-133,共4页Guangxi Forestry Science

基　　金：南宁市科学研究与技术开发计划项目(20142072)

摘　　要：以广西隆安县双季板栗为试验材料,在休眠期、芽膨大期、芽萌动后期分别对1年生枝粗、中、细枝条进行强、中、弱短截处理,研究短截时期、枝条等级和短截强度对新梢数量、质量和开花的影响。结果表明:新梢数量受短截时期、枝条等级、短截强度影响,表现为芽膨大期>休眠期>芽萌动后期,粗枝>中枝>细枝,弱短截>中短截>强短截;短截时期和枝条等级对新梢长度和基部直径影响与对新梢数量影响相同,而短截强度对新梢长度和基部直径影响表现为强短截>中短截>弱短截;平均雌花数受短截时期与枝条等级交互作用影响最大,休眠期中枝、芽膨大期粗枝短截处理的平均雌花数均较大,各处理雌花数总体显著低于对照。认为在南方气候条件下,双季板栗以培养适宜的枝条数量和提高枝条质量为目标时,芽膨大期对双季板栗1年生粗枝、中枝以中短截为最佳;结果树在休眠期、芽膨大期、芽萌动后期对结果母枝采用短截处理效果不佳,弱枝应及时疏删。Experiments were conducted on strong,normal,weak3intensities on annual branches of thick,usual,weak branches ofCastanea shuangji of Long’an county in the dormancy period,the buds expanded stage and the buds sprouted at the late stage.Effects of short-cutting time,intensity,and the grade of branch on the number and quality of new shoots and florescence were studied.Results showed that the number of new shoots was affected by short-cutting time,intensity,and branch grade,which showed the order with bud expanded stage>dormancy period>buds sprouted at the late stage,thick branch>usual branch>weak branch,and weak intensity>normal intensity>strong intensity.Effects of short-cutting time and branch grade on shoot length and base diameter were the same as those of the number of new shoots,while the order of effects of the intensity on shoot length and base diameter was strong intensity>normal intensity>weak intensity.The average number of female flowers was affected strongest by the interaction between short-cutting time and branch grade.Average number of female flowers of usual branches in dormancy period and thick branches in bud expanded stage was more,which was significantly fewer than that of control.In southern climatic conditions,aiming at developing appropriate number and high quality of branches of Castanea shuangji,short-cutting with normal intensity of thick and usual annual branches in bud expanded stage was the best.Short-cutting in the dormancy period,bud expanded stage,buds sprouted at the late stage couldn’t get good effect.Weak branches should be thinned in time.

关 键 词：双季板栗 短截 生长发育 开花 

分 类 号：S664.2[农业科学—果树学]