地形分析在流域水文建模中的应用进展  

Application Progress of Terrain Analysis in Watershed Hydrologic Modeling

作　　者：张方利[1] 周启鸣[1] ZHANG Fang-li;ZHOL Qi-ming(Department of Geography, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong)

机构地区：[1]香港浸会大学地理系

出　　处：《地理与地理信息科学》2017年第4期8-15,共8页Geography and Geo-Information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41301403;41471340)

摘　　要：数字地形分析和流域水文学是地理学领域的重点研究内容,地形要素对流域内地表水循环的产流、汇流等过程以及水资源的时空动态分布具有重要影响。随着遥感与地理信息系统技术的不断发展,地形分析在流域水文建模中的应用得以深化和扩展。该文旨在对水文建模中地形分析的应用进展与趋势进行梳理和分析,从流域水文建模的基本原理和任务出发,回顾了水文模型的分类系统、演化进程以及地形分析在水文建模中的应用情况。综述显示,随着水文模型在驱动机理和响应尺度上的发展,地形分析在其中发挥了越来越关键的作用,尤其在支撑水文过程、增强系统耦合和细化响应尺度等方面贡献明显。同时,流域水文建模的现实需求也促进了地形分析在拓展模型、丰富理论和改进算法等方面的发展与完善。Digital terrain analysis and watershed hydrology are key issues in geography.Topographic factors affect the processes of runoff generating and routing in water cycle,and the tempora-spatial dynamics of water resources in watershed.With the in-creasing development of remote sensing and geographical information system techniques,the application of terrain analysis in watershed hydrological modeling has been gradually expanded and developetd.This paper aims to investigate the advances and trends of terrain analysis in hydrological models.Starting from the^watershed mechanisms and processes,this paper reviewed the classification and evolut ion of hydrological models,and discussed the applications of t errain analysis techniques in watershed modeling.As a summary,this review indicates that with the developments of hydrological models in mechanisms and response units,terrain analysis has played an increasing significant role,especially for support ing hydrological processes,coupling with physical frameworks and refining response units.Meanwhile,the increasing demands of watershed modeling have also promoted the improvement of terrain analysis in terrain model,computing theory and analysis algorithms.

关 键 词：地形分析 水文模型 地理信息系统 数字高程模型 分布式模型 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程] P333[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]