中国的产业政策、结构变迁和劳动生产率增长1990-2007  

Industrial Policy, Structural Change, and Labor Productivity Growth in China: 1990-2007

作　　者：张川川[1] ZHANG Chuan-chuan(School of Economics, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, 102206, China)

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学经济学院,北京102206

出　　处：《产业经济评论》2017年第4期17-33,共17页Review of Industrial Economics

摘　　要：本文考察了推动中国结构变迁的产业政策及其对劳动生产率和收入的影响。首先,本文计算了结构变迁和部门内生产率增长对中国总体劳动生产率增长的贡献。其次,本文考察了推动结构变迁的政策,重点考察了中国的经济特区在吸引外商直接投资、提高制造业生产率、推动产业集聚和创造就业方面所发挥的作用,并估计了制造业的就业乘数效应。再次,本文进一步考察了制造业内部各行业的结构变迁和生产率增长。研究结果表明,制造业生产率的增长主要来自部门内生产率增长和转向生产更高端产品的制造业转型。最后,本文简要讨论了中国经验对其他发展中国家政策制定的意义。This paper examines the success that Chinese policy efforts had on generating structural change andtheir impact on labor productivity and income.First,this paper calculates the contribution of structural change andwithin-sector productivity growth to China’s overall labor productivity.Second,this paper examines the policiesthat were most responsible for China’s success at generating structural change,and highlight the role of China’sSpecial Economic Zones which attracted foreign direct investment,led to marked improvements in manufacturingproductivity,spurred the creations of industrial clusters and employment,and also estimates the job multiplier effectsof manufacturing employment.Third,this paper investigates in greater detail which industries within manufacturingexperienced the largest growth in employment and productivity.Results suggest that most of the productivityimprovement in manufacturing was related to within sector productivity increases and shifts towards higher-endgoods.The paper concludes with a brief discussion of the policy implications of the Chinese experience for otherdeveloping countries.

关 键 词：产业政策 结构变迁 劳动生产率 

分 类 号：F120[经济管理—世界经济] F121.3F249.22