减量施氮与间作模式对甜玉米AMF侵染和大豆结瘤及作物氮磷吸收的影响  

Effects of reduced nitrogen application and intercropping on sweet corn AMF colonization,soybean nodulation and nitrogen and phosphorus absorption

作　　者：周贤玉[1] 唐艺玲[1] 王志国[1] 王建武[1] ZHOU Xianyu;TANG Yiling;WANG Zhiguo;WANG Jianwu(Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Agro-environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture / Key Laboratory of Agro-ecology and Rural Environment of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou 510642, China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学热带亚热带生态研究所/农业部华南热带农业环境重点实验室/广东省高等学校农业生态和农村环境重点实验室,广州510642

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2017年第8期1139-1146,共8页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家重大基础研究计划(973计划)项目(2011CB100400);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B16-04);广东省科技计划项目(2012A020100003)资助~~

摘　　要：通过4季(2014年秋季,2015年春、秋,2016年春季)大田定位试验,对比研究了两种施氮水平[300 kg·hm^(-2)(N1:减量施氮)和360 kg·hm^(-2)(N2:常规施氮)]和4种种植模式[甜玉米|菜用大豆2∶3(S2B3)、2∶4(S2B4)间作、甜玉米单作(SS)和菜用大豆单作(SB)]对华南地区甜玉米和大豆产量、甜玉米AMF侵染率、大豆根瘤菌等的影响。结果表明,减量施氮间作处理的甜玉米产量显著高于单作。2016年春季S2B3-N1处理大豆的根瘤数显著高于S2B3-N2处理;4季减量施氮和间作处理对大豆根瘤干重均没有显著影响。2015年春秋两季两种施氮水平间作处理的甜玉米生物量和氮含量均显著高于相应的单作处理;且减量施氮间作模式甜玉米AMF侵染率显著高于常规施氮处理。2015年秋季减量施氮间作模式处理甜玉米的磷含量显著高于单作处理。减量施氮与间作菜用大豆显著提高了甜玉米氮和磷含量、AMF侵染率、生物量及产量,是华南地区甜玉米资源高效利用的可持续生产模式。In order to explore a sustainable pattern of sweet corn production in South China,a field experiment was carried out in Guangzhou over the period of4growing seasons-autumn of2014,spring and autumn of2015and spring of2016.The study investigated the effects of2N fertilizer levels[300kg.hm-2(N1,reduced N dose)and360kg.hm-2(N2,conventional N dose)]and4planting patterns[sweet corn/vegetable soybean intercropping with2∶3(S2B3)and2∶4(S2B4)line ratios,sole sweet corn(SS)and sole soybean(SB)]on yield of sweet corn and soybean,degree of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)colonization of sweet corn and soybean rhizobia.The results showed that the yield of sweet corn under reduced N application and intercropping treatment was significantly higher than that under monoculture.In spring of2016,nodule number of soybean under S2B3-N1treatment was significantly higher than that under S2B3-N2treatment.In the4seasons of the experiment,dry weight of soybean nodule was not affected by reduced N application and intercropping.In2015,N content and biomass of sweet corn were significantly higher than those under monoculture,regardless of the N application level.In2015,AMF infection rate of sweet corn under reduced N-intercropping treatment was significantly higher than that under conventional N treatment.In autumn of2015,phosphorus content of sweet corn under reduced N and intercropping treatment was significantly higher than that under monoculture.In conclusion,the reduction of N input and intercropping with soybean significantly improved N and phosphorus contents,rate of AMF infection,biomass and yield of sweet corn.Intercropping with soybean under reduced chemical N input maintained high yield,increased resource utilization efficiency of sweet corn,and thus it was a practicable pattern for sustainable sweet corn production in southern China.

关 键 词：减量施氮 甜玉米||菜用大豆间作 氮吸收 磷吸收 根瘤菌 丛枝菌根真菌 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]