高温陶瓷净化生物质气化粗燃气粉尘试验研究  

An experimental study of dust removal from biomass gasification gas at high temperature by ceramic filter

作　　者：谢建军[1] 郎林[1] 杨文申[1] 刘华财[1] 陈坚[1] 阴秀丽[1] 吴创之[1] XIE Jianjun;LANG Lin;YANG Wenshen;LIU Huacai;CHEN Jian;YIN Xiuli;WU Chuangzhi(Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州能源研究所,中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室,广东省新能源和可再生能源研究开发与应用重点实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《化工进展》2017年第8期2903-2909,共7页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51661145022,51576200);广东省科技计划(2014A010106017,2016A040403097)项目

摘　　要：生物质气化得到的粗燃气含有焦油和粉尘杂质,两者形成的混合物在净化装置的高温区易碳化结焦,在低温区容易凝结成团,因此常规的除尘技术并不适用。针对该问题,本文开发了粗燃气高温陶瓷除尘技术,并考察了生物质原料种类、补燃及反吹等工艺条件对除尘室压降和运行温度的影响。试验结果表明:与木片单独气化比较,采用25%成型颗粒燃料+75%木片(质量比)混合气化可导致除尘室阻力上升1200~1500Pa;高温除尘室最佳操作温度为450~550℃,补燃较反吹是降低除尘室压降更有效的手段,当燃气处理量为260~400m3/h时,补燃空气的最佳流量为10~12m^3/h,此条件下可使除尘室压降稳定在1200Pa左右。陶瓷管燃气除尘设备可实现100h连续稳定运行,除尘器出口粉尘浓度为10~40mg/m^3,粉尘脱除率92.3%~99.8%,焦油脱除率为31.0%~92.5%,且补燃除尘后可燃气体组分浓度基本保持不变。Hot gas filtration with raw syngas was continuously tested for100hours on a pilot scale purification system,the influence of biomass type,after-burning and back blow on pressure drops and temperatures of dust filter were studied,and the concentrations of gas component,tar and dust in the raw syngas and purified syngas were analyzed.It was found that compared with filtration with syngas from wood chip gasification,the pressure drop of the filter increased by1200-1500Pa while filtration with syngas from co-gasification of pellet(25%mass)and wood chip(75%)the optimal temperature of filter was450-550℃;after-burning with air was a more effective way to decrease the filter pressure drop than back blowing with N2.The optimal flow rate of after-burning air was10-12m3/h when the flow of syngas was260-400m3/h;and the filter pressure drop remained at around1200Pa.It was concluded that the pilot filtration system could continuously and stably run for100hours.The dust content in purified syngas was as low as10-40mg/m3.The dust and tar removal efficiency was92.3%to99.8%and31.0%to92.5%,respectively.The filtration did not reduce the concentration of combustiblegases in purified syngas significantly.

关 键 词：生物质 气化 过滤 粉尘 焦油 

分 类 号：TK227.2[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程] TK284.5