20世纪末以来欧洲联盟区域经济差异演变特征及空间分异  

Evolution and spatial differentiation of regional economic differences in the European Union since the end of 20th Century

作　　者：蔡永龙[1] 陈忠暖[1,2] 梅茂婷 CAI Yong-long;CHEN Zhong-nuan;MEI Mao-ting(School of Geographical Sciences,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China;Urban leisure and Tourism Research Center,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China;School of Tourism and Resource Enbironment,Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities,Duyun 558000,China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学地理科学学院,广州510631 [2]华南师范大学城市休闲与旅游研究中心,广州510631 [3]黔南民族师范学院旅游与资源环境学院,贵州都匀558000

出　　处：《世界地理研究》2017年第4期31-39,共9页World Regional Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171141)

摘　　要：欧盟在经历了90年代中后期经济的短暂较快增长后,区域内部经济发展受到了显著影响。因此,本文以欧盟28个成员国为例,运用泰尔指数分解分析20世纪90年代中期以来欧盟区域经济差异的演变特征,运用反距离权重插值法探讨差异演变的空间分异格局。结果表明:(1)1995年~2015年间,欧盟经济发展的泰尔指数总体呈上升趋势,区域差异扩大。区域差异演变分为三个阶段:1995年~1999年的低差异缓慢缩小阶段;2000年~2008年的高差异缓慢缩小阶段;2009年~2015年的均衡发展阶段;(2)欧盟经济发展的组间泰尔指数总体呈平稳波动小幅下降趋势,不同时期变化的幅度与趋势不同。组间差异演变分为三个阶段:1995年~2000年的区域间差异扩大阶段,2000年~2009年的区域间差异缩小阶段,2009年~2015年的区域间差异扩大阶段。北欧区域经济差异趋于稳定的均衡状态,南欧地区国家的经济发展差异逐步缓慢缩小。中欧地区国家的经济发展差异在逐步缓慢缩小。东欧地区的组内经济差异可以分为"扩大—平稳—缩小—平稳"四个阶段。西欧地区的组内经济差异可以划分为"缓慢缩小—均衡发展"两个阶段;(3)欧盟区域差异格局由极化发展的空间格局向均衡的空间格局转变,格局转变不显著,总体呈现以西欧国家为第一圈层、北欧和南欧为第二圈层、东欧和中欧为第三圈层的圈层式递减的区域经济发展空间格局。This paper analyzed the evolution of regional economic disparitysince the mid-1990s using the decomposition of Theil index,and explored thespatial patterns of evolution by using inverse distance weighted interpolationmethod.The results are as follows:(1)During the period from1995to2015,theTheil index of the economic development showed an overall upward trend,whichmeant the regional disparities being expanded.The regional differences ofevolution can be divided into three stages:the slow-down stage of lowdifference from1995to1999,the slow-down stage of high difference from2000to2008,and balanced development stage from2009to2015;(2)Thebetween-groups Theil index of the economic development showed fluctuated andslightly declined trend,which varied in different periods.The evolution ofthe difference between groups can be divided into three stages:the expansionphase of regional differences from1995to2000,the narrowing phase ofregional differences from2000to2009,and the expansion phase of regionaldifferences from2009to2015;(3)The regional different pattern in theEuropean Union is changing from polarized development to the balanced spatialpattern.And the change is not significant,presented an overall regionaleconomic spatial pattern that gradually decreased with three circles:theWestern Europe lies in the first circle,the Northern and Southern Europe arein the second circle,and the Eastern and Central Europe are in the thirdcircle.This paper provides a theoretical supplement to the progress ofregional economic differences in the European Union.

关 键 词：欧洲联盟 区域经济差异 泰尔指数分解 反距离权重插值 空间分异 

分 类 号：F115[经济管理—国际贸易]