辽宁基岩质海岸防护林对枯落物及土壤养分的影响  

Effects of Shelter Forest on Litter and Soil Nutrients in Liaoning Rocky Coast

作　　者：刘平[1] 邢献予 王玉涛[1] 邱月[1] 魏忠平[2] 潘文利[2] 范俊岗[2] LIU Ping;XING Xian-yu;WANG Yu-tao;QIU Yue;WEI Zhong-ping;PAN Wen-li;FAN Jun-gang(College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China;Liaoning Academy of Forestry Science, Shenyang 110032, China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学林学院,沈阳110161 [2]辽宁省林业科学研究院,沈阳110032

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2017年第3期360-366,共7页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：辽宁省农业攻关及产业化资助项目(2015103002);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(201602663);辽宁教育厅项目(L2014480);中央财政林业科技推广项目(辽[2015]TG14号)

摘　　要：为研究辽宁基岩质海岸防护林对枯落物及土壤养分的影响,以辽宁省大连市的4种典型海岸防护林(侧柏纯林、刺槐纯林、辽东栎纯林、辽东栎赤松混交林)为研究对象,通过对林下半分解层、未分解层枯落物及土壤的取样测定枯落物的蓄积量、持水能力及土壤养分,揭示不同林分类型对枯落物及土壤养分的影响。结果表明:枯落物的蓄积量及持水能力排序为:辽东栎纯林>辽东栎赤松混交林>侧柏纯林>刺槐纯林,其中辽东栎纯林的蓄积量、最大持水量、有效拦截量分别为23.94t·hm-2,58.61t·hm-2,44.99t·hm-2,辽东栎赤松混交林的分别为25.53t·hm-2,47.24t·hm-2,32.66t·hm-2,侧柏纯林的分别为21.53t·hm-2,36.46t·hm-2,27.12t·hm-2,刺槐纯林的分别为7.81t·hm-2,13.60t·hm-2,10.25t·hm-2;与对照空地相比,4种林分改良土壤养分的能力依次为:侧柏纯林>辽东栎赤松混交林>刺槐纯林>辽东栎纯林,其中侧柏纯林土壤的全氮、有效磷、有机质含量分别为4.23g·kg^(-1),4.22mg·kg^(-1),56.76g·kg^(-1),辽东栎赤松混交林的分别为2.04g·kg^(-1),3.90mg·kg^(-1),39.67g·kg^(-1),刺槐纯林的分别为2.52g·kg^(-1),4.20mg·kg^(-1),43.42g·kg^(-1),辽东栎纯林的分别为2.04g·kg^(-1),3.90mg·kg^(-1),39.17g·kg^(-1)。整体而言,辽宁基岩质海岸不同防护林类型中,辽东栎赤松混交林和侧柏纯林的林下枯落物蓄积量、持水能力及土壤养分情况最好。The effec to fdifferent shelter forest on litter and soil nutrient in Liaoning rocky coast was studied with4forest types(Platycladus orientalis pure forest,Robinia pseudoacacia pure forest,Quercus liaotungensis pure forest,Quercus liaotungensis-Pinus densifloramixed forest)in Dalian,Liaoning Province.The effect of forest types on litter and soil nutrient were revealed by sampling half-decomposed litter,undecomposed litterand soil,and measuring litter storage capacity,litter water-holding capacity and soilnutrients.The order of litter storage and water-holding capacity was:Quercus liaotungensis pure forest>Quercus liaotungensis-Pinus densiflora mixed forest>Platycladus orientalis pure forest>Robinia pseudoacacia pure forest.The litter storage capacity,maximum water capacity,effective retain capacity of the Quercus liaotungensis pure forest were23.94,58.61,44.99t*hm-2respectively;those of the Quercus liaotungensis-Pinus densiflora mixed forest were25.53,47.24,32.66t*hm-2;thoseof the Platycladus orientalispure forest were21.53,36.46,27.12t.hm-2;and those of the Robinia pseudoacaciapure forest were7.81,13.60,10.25thm-2.Compared with the control,the order of4forest types'capacity for improving soilnutrient was:Platycladus orientalis pure forest>Quercus liaotungensis-Pinus densifloramixed forest>Robiniapseudoacacia pure forest>Quercus liaotungensispure forest.Thetota lN,available P,organicmatter of Platycladus orientalis pure forestwere4.23g.kg-1,4.22mg?kg-1,56.76g.kg-1respectively;those of the Quercus liaotungensis-Pinusdensiflora mixed forestwere2.04g?kg-1,3.90mg*kg-1,39.67g*kg-1;thoseof the Robiniapseudoacacia pure forestwere2.52g*kg-1,4.20mg*kg-1,43.42g*kg-1;and thoseof the Quercusliaotungensis pure forestwere2.04g*kg-1,3.90mg*kg-1,39.17g*kg-1.On the whole,the litterstorage,litterwater-holdingcapacity and soilnutrients of Quercusliaotungensis-Pinus densiflora mixed forest and Platycladus orientalis pure forest were the best in the4shelter forest types in Liaoning rocky coast.

关 键 词：海岸防护林 基岩质 枯落物 土壤养分 林分类型 

分 类 号：S728.6[农业科学—林木遗传育种]