2011—2015年茂名地区腹泻致病菌流行特征及耐药性分析  

Epidemiological characteristics and drug resistance of diarrheal pathogens in Maoming area from2011to2015

作　　者：黄梅霞[1] 何明娟[1] 吴伊婷 柯碧霞[2] HUANG Meixia;HE Mingjuan;WU Yiting;KE Bixia(Department of Clinical Laboratory Maoming Municipal Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Maoming ,Guangdong 525000 ,China;Guangdong Provincial Center or Disease Control and Prevention,Guangdong 511430 , China)

机构地区：[1]广东省茂名市妇幼保健院临床检验科,525000 [2]广东省疾病预防控制中心,511430

出　　处：《国际检验医学杂志》2017年第A01期76-79,共4页International Journal of Laboratory Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2011-2015年茂名地区腹泻致病菌流行特征及耐药性分析，为感染性腹泻提出针对性防控措施。方法收集2011-2015年茂名市感染性腹泻患者大便标本5396例，进行流行病学描述性分析，利用K-B纸片法测试腹泻致病菌对12种常用抗菌药物的敏感性。结果379例为腹泻致病菌阳性，年平均检出率为7.02%，其中沙门菌367例，检出率最高为6.80%，占阳性病例的96.83%;<3岁婴幼儿发病数最多，共有346例（91.29%);各月均有腹泻致病菌的检出，流行高峰出现在每年夏季(48.28%);最常见的沙门菌血清型是I4,5，12:i:-，5年构成比达到36%;用12种抗生素进行药敏试验，结果显示沙门菌对头孢吡肟和头孢他啶敏感率最高，对链霉素敏感度最低，沙门菌对常用抗生素多重耐药性严重.结论沙门菌为茂名地区感染性腹泻主要的致病菌，<3岁婴幼儿是感染性腹泻的高发人群，每年的夏季为感染高发季节，应注意婴幼儿的饮食安全及防控。而且，沙门菌已呈多重耐药性，应要加强监测力度，控制抗生素滥用，深入开展病原菌的机制研究，以期发现新的治疗靶点.Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and drug resistance of diarrheal pathogens from2011to2015,in order to put forward targeted the prevention and control measures for infectious diarrhea.Methods A total of5396stool samples from patients with infectious diarrhea in Maoming from2011to2015were collected and analyzed by epidemiological meth-ods.The sensitivity of infectious diarrhea to12commonly used antibiotics was tested by K-B disk method.Results379cases were positive for diarrhea pathogens,the average annual detection rate was7.02%,among which Salmonella367cases,the highest detec-tion rate was6.80%,accounting for96.83%of the positive cases.Salmonella is the main pathogenic bacteria of infectious diarrhea in Maoming area.The number of no more than3years old infants and young children was the highest,and had346cases(91.29%).Diarrhea pathogens were detected every month,and the peak appeared in summer every year.The most common serotype of Salmo-nella is14,5?12:i:-,the five year ratio achieved36%.Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were carried out with12antibiotics.The re-sults showed that Salmonella had the highest sensitivity to cefepime and ceftazidime,the lowest sensitivity to streptomycin,and se-vere multidrug resistance of Salmonella to the commonly used antibiotics.Salmonella is the main pathogen of infectious diarrhea in Maoming area.The no more than3years old infants and young children were the high-risk population of infectious diarrhea.Annual summer is the high-occurrence season of infection.,and it is necessary to pay attention to children/s food safety and prevention.Conclusion Salmonella has been multidrug resistant,we shall strengthen monitor and control the abuse of antibiotics.The mecha-nism of pathogenic bacteria shall be further investigated in order to discover new therapeutic targets.

关 键 词：感染性腹泻 致病菌 流行病学 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378.2[医药卫生—病原生物学]