DNA面部分子画像技术应用研究  

Experimentation of Human Facial Predication by Relevant DNA SNPs

作　　者：刘京[1] 乔露[2] 赵雯婷[1] 江丽[1] 季安全[1] 王桂强[1] 叶健[1] 唐鲲[2] 李彩霞[1] LIU Jing;QIAO Lu;ZHAO Wenting;JIANG Li;JI Anquan;WANG Guiqiang;YE Jian;TANG Kun;LI Caixia(Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, National Engineering Laboratory for Forensic Science, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Crime Scene Evidence Examination, Beijing 100038, China;Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China)

机构地区：[1]公安部物证鉴定中心现场物证溯源技术国家工程实验室北京市现场物证检验工程技术研究中心,北京100038 [2]中科院上海生命科学研究院,上海200031

出　　处：《刑事技术》2017年第4期264-269,共6页Forensic Science and Technology

基　　金：中央级公益性院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(No.2016JB001;No.2017JB025);国家重点研发计划(No.2017YFC0803501);生物样本来源于国家人类遗传资源共享服务平台(No.YCZYPT[2017]01-3);公安部技术研究计划项目(No.2016JSYJC15)

摘　　要：通过犯罪现场的DNA分析刻画供者的体貌特征正渐成为法医学研究的热点之一。DNA特征刻画可以为案件侦查提供线索、缩小排查范围,尤其是当常规的短串联重复序列(short tandem repeat,STR)分型数据不能比中时,其作用更加凸显。相比于其他体貌特征,人面部形态具有更高的遗传保守性,受环境因素的影响较小。基因分析与图像技术相结合,显著推动了面部形态特征相关基因挖掘和面部分子画像技术的研究发展。本文为首次进行DNA面部分子画像技术的法医学应用研究,经对24名男性(18名维吾尔族,6名汉族)的DNA进行全基因组测序,筛选出了350个与面部特征相关的单核苷酸多态性位点(single nucleotide polymorphisms,SNPs)并对其分型,以此构建了面部分子画像的预测模型。用所建模型对24份样本进行人脸预测并与真实脸作比较,评估其效力和准确性,归纳分析了该技术服务于实战的可行性和下一步研究需要解决的问题。Depiction of individual's EVCs(externally visible characteristics)based on DNA analysis is gradually becoming a forensic research hotspot because it can provide effective leads to police investigation when conventional DNA STR data do not match either known individuals or any criminal DNA database.Compared with the other morphologic features,human facial morphology is more conservative,less affected by environmental factors.Moreover,the combination of gene analysis and image technology has greatly promoted the research on facial morphological inference.In this paper,DNA facial prediction technique has ever been launched in forensic genetics for the first time.Through selection of350facial morphology-related SNPs analyzed from sequencing24Chinese males(18Uygur and6Han),the relevant SNP phenotypes were obtained so that a model of facial morphologic prediction was built up based on such one of the previously-developed.By evaluation of the similarity between the genetic predicting faces and the real ones to show the model's accuracy,some problems of the current technique were discussed together with the further researches that will be inevitably carried out in the future.

关 键 词：面部分子画像 SNP 法医DNA 

分 类 号：DF795.2[医药卫生—法医学]