武士异化现象对中国体育的本体性干预  

The Intervention of Samurai Alienation to the Essence of Chinese Physical Education

作　　者：路云亭[1] Lu Yunting(The School of Sports Journalism Communication and Foreign Languages, Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院体育新闻传播与外语学院,上海200438

出　　处：《武术研究》2017年第8期174-181,9,共8页Wushu Studies

摘　　要：西方现代体育作为一种高端文化已成为全人类共享的消费品。中国未曾发育出类似西方的体育文化主要是儒学的宗教化排异功能所致，其中决斗精神的沦丧直接削弱了中国人的精神强度。中西方文化中都存在过歧视身体的现象，不同之处在于中国人没有类似西方的对人性恶的尊崇机制，结果导致竞技现象的消亡。中国的道家文化保留了部分身体关怀的基因，却因弱化竞争而最终未能缔造出高对抗性的身体文化类型。中国的道德教育体现在非神性的世俗世界里，这奠定了尚文的文化传统，中国的尚武势力恰是在尚文的宗教力量的打击下沉沦的。武士集团及其精神的陨落给中国社会带来了负面作用，中国体育人在现代社会的价值、地位、社会功用仍不明确。奥运会以及一些西方竞技体育文化类别为他们提供了临时性存在场域，但西方的体育品格仍旧无法和儒学化的东方主义精神完全兼容。中国体育人在西方人设置的竞技体育项目中获取优胜还停留在精神自慰的范畴或道德自救的想象之中。Western Sports,as a kind of high culture,has become a consumption for human beings all around the world.Religious exclusiveness of Confucianism resulted in undeveloped sports culture which was similar to the western sports culture in China and the loss of competitive spirit directly shrunk the mental strength of Chinese.Discrimination of physical bodies once both existed in Chinese and western cultures.However,there was no suchlike western reverent mechanism that“Humanity has the most evil side.”in Chinese conception,which led to the extinction of competition in China.Taoism culture in China remained some elements about body care,but it eventually failed to create a type of high antagonistic body culture because it lessened competitions.The existence of Chinese moral education in mundane world without God settled cultural tradition of emphasizing mental training in China,from which Chinese martial culture withered away under the hit of religious power.The decline of Wushu practitioners had a negative impact on Chinese society.In modern society,the value,position and social function of Chinese sportsmen still remains unclear.Although Olympic Games and other western competitive sports events provides them a temporary field to stay,characters of western sports still can’t entirely combine with Confucian oriental spirit.To Chinese sportsmen,winning competitive sports events ruled by westerners can just be a kind of imagination for mental stability and moral salvation.

关 键 词：文明史 儒教伦理 决斗消亡 互补理论 体育人命运 

分 类 号：G85[文化科学—民族体育]