真空羽流试验设备的负压液氮系统设计  

Design of negative pressure liquid nitrogen system of vacuum plume experimental facility

作　　者：刘然[1] 凌桂龙[2] 蔡国飙[2] LIU Ran;LING Guilong;CAI Guobiao(Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering, Beijing 100094, China;School of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China)

机构地区：[1]北京卫星环境工程研究所,北京100094 [2]北京航空航天大学宇航学院,北京100191

出　　处：《航天器环境工程》2017年第4期429-433,共5页Spacecraft Environment Engineering

摘　　要：真空羽流试验设备用于发动机真空羽流效应试验研究,同时兼顾卫星等热真空试验,对液氮系统有特殊要求。针对低至70 K液氮温度需求,设计一种全新的负压液氮系统,即利用液氮在负压下具有比常压液氮更低的饱和温度,来获得比常压液氮系统更低的液氮温度。该负压液氮系统主要由液氮输送子系统、常压过冷器子系统、负压抽气子系统、液氮泵子系统、热沉子系统及排放子系统组成,其中常压过冷器子系统和负压抽气子系统构成"负压过冷器",具有常压过冷器功能,供液温度可调,可为热沉提供70~77 K液氮制冷,满足发动机羽流及卫星热真空试验需求。The plume effect experimental system(PES)is used for the plume effect test of rocket enginesand the vacuum heat tests of satellites,with special requirements for the liquid nitrogen system.A new negativesystem is designed for the liquid nitrogen temperature as low as70K.In this system,the liquid nitrogen at anegative pressure is used to have a lower saturation temperature than the atmospheric pressure nitrogen,and toobtain a lower liquid nitrogen temperature than the conventional liquid nitrogen subsystems.The negativepressure liquid nitrogen system consists of the liquid nitrogen delivery subsystem,the atmospheric subcoolersubsystem,the negative pressure pumping subsystem,the liquid nitrogen pump subsystem,the heat sinksubsystem and the discharge subsystem,where the atmospheric subcooler subsystem and the negative pressurepumping subsystem are combined to serve as the negative pressure subcooler.With the atmospheric subcooler,the negative pressure subcooler can adjust the temperature of the feeding fluid and provide the heat sink with70-77K liquid nitrogen for refrigeration,to meet the demand of the engine plume experiment and the thermalvacuum test of satellites.

关 键 词：空间环境模拟 液氮系统 负压过冷器 设计 真空羽流试验 

分 类 号：V416.8[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]