张之洞的“商战论”与武汉商业近代化  

Zhang Zhidong's "Theory of Trade War" and Wuhan's Commercial Modernization

作　　者：陈晖[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北大学图书馆,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《江汉大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第4期64-69,共6页Journal of Jianghan University(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：19世纪末列强对我国的经济入侵达到一个高潮。张之洞以一以贯之的使命感,在自己权限范围内筹划了一场以"师夷""攘外"为主旨的"商战"。张之洞商战思想的主要内容:不止于争商利,重在争商权;欲抵制洋货,需先扩展工商多出土货;欲分洋商之利,"制夷"需先"师夷";欲挽回利权,国家需有护商之法。武汉是张之洞"商战论"的发生地,更是其与列强商战的主战场。他的商战引发了武汉地区的商业地位、阶级结构、商人社会心理等方面的重大变化。The late 19 th century witnessed an upsurge of economic invasion by big powers of the world. Zhang Zhidong,within his own power,took it as an obligation to plan and prepare a 'trade war',the objective of which was to 'learnfrom foreigners' so as to 'resist foreign economic aggression'. Zhang's idea mainly contains:commercial right more im-portant than commercial interest;expanding home industry and commerce to resist imported goods; 'learning from for-eigners' before 'restricting foreign traders';and making laws to protect domestic rights and interests. Wuhan was thebirthplace of Zhang's thought and also a major commercial battlefield of big powers. Zhang's theory did bring tremendous changes to Wuhan's commercial position,class structure,as well as the psychology of the local businessmen.

关 键 词：张之洞 商战论 武汉 商科教育 近代商政 社会变迁 

分 类 号：K252[历史地理—历史学]