硫肥用量对玉米氮硫吸收分配和产量的影响  

Effect of sulfur on nitrogen/sulfur uptake/distribution and yield of maize

作　　者：曹殿云[1] 王宏伟[1] 徐晓旭[1] CAO Dianyun;WANG Hongwei;XU Xiaoxu(Special Maize Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学特种玉米研究所,沈阳110866

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2017年第9期1298-1305,共8页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家科技计划课题(2013BAD07B03);国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD01B01)资助~~

摘　　要：为明确硫肥用量在作物增产方面的效应,本研究采用单因素随机区组设计,通过大田试验,设置5个硫肥(硫磺)用量,分别为0 kg(S)·hm^(-2)(S0)、40 kg(S)·hm^(-2)(S1)、80 kg(S)·hm^(-2)(S2)、120 kg(S)·hm^(-2)(S3)和160kg(S)·hm^(-2)(S4),研究不同硫肥用量对玉米产量和氮硫素吸收、分配的影响。结果表明,施用硫肥可使玉米产量增加7.0%~18.1%,S2处理玉米产量最高,为12 978.30 kg·hm^(-2)。施用硫肥能显著提高玉米各生育时期(除大喇叭口期外)植株干物质积累量。成熟期,玉米叶片、叶鞘、籽粒干物质积累量均在S2处理下达最大值,玉米茎秆、苞叶、穗轴干物质积累量均在S1处理下达最大值。整个生育期内,玉米硫素积累量和硫素吸收强度均在S2处理下达最大值,且显著高于不施硫的S0处理。成熟期时,玉米叶片硫素积累量随施硫量的增加而增加,S4处理时达最大值;玉米茎秆、苞叶、穗轴硫素积累量均在S1处理下最大;玉米叶鞘和籽粒硫素积累量则S2处理下最大。从拔节期至抽雄吐丝期,S3处理促进玉米氮素积累效果最佳;灌浆期和成熟期分别以S1和S2处理更有助于玉米氮素积累。施硫量的增加会在一定程度上降低玉米硫肥偏生产力和硫肥利用率;玉米硫肥农学利用率在S2处理下最大。玉米植株的氮素和硫素吸收累积量具有极显著相关关系。因此,适量的硫肥在提高玉米产量和氮硫吸收、分配及利用效率方面发挥着重要作用,施硫量为80 kg(S)·hm^(-2)时,整体效果最佳。For an in-depth understanding of the effects of sulfur on crop yield improvement,a field experiment was conducted to determine the effects of sulfur application on the absorption and distribution of both nitrogen and sulfur in the'Zhengdang-958'maize cultivar.To that end,a single factor randomized block design was set up in the experiment with five levels of sulfur-0kg·hm?2,40kg·hm?2,80kg·hm?2,120kg·hm?2and160kg·hm?2.The results showed that the application of sulfur increased the yield of maize within the range of7.0%-18.1%.When the application of sulfur was80kg·hm?2,the yield of maize reached the highest level(12978.30kg·hm?2).Also dry matter accumulation in maize increased significantly through the application of sulfur,with the peak value under80kg·hm?2at all growth stage except for the big trumpet stage.Dry matter accumulation in leaf,leaf sheath and grain weight were also the highest in80kg·hm?2sulfur treatment among different sulfur application levels at the mature stage.However,the dry matter accumulation in maize stem,bract and cob were the maximum under sulfur application level of40kg·hm?2.Sulfur absorption and accumulation in maize was the maximum at each growth period under sulfur dose of80kg·hm?2,which was significantly higher than that under sulfur dose of0kg·hm?2.Sulfur content in maize leaf increased with increasing sulfur application level.The sulfur accumulation in corn stalk,bract and cob were highest under sulfur application level of40kg·hm?2whereas those in maize leaf sheath and grain were highest under sulfur application level of80kg·hm?2.Nitrogen accumulation in maize was highest from jointing to the silking stage when sulfur dose was120kg·hm?2.But at maize grain-filling and maturity stages,the nitrogen accumulation reached the peak points under40kg·hm?2and80kg·hm?2levels application,respectively.Sulfur partial productivity and use productivity decreased with increasing sulfur application level.When sulfur dose was40kg·hm?2,sulfur partial productivity and use productivity r

关 键 词：玉米 硫肥 氮 积累量 吸收强度 利用率 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]