生态环境与农业气象研究进展  

Progress in Ecological Environment and Agrometeorology Research

出　　处：《中国气象科学研究院年报》2016年第1期60-80,共21页Annual Report of Cams

摘　　要：揭示了全国及研究区域农业、玉米、水稻洪涝灾害的时空、风险分布特征，建立玉米、水稻洪涝灾害等级指标11套，分省农业洪涝灾害等级指标10套，玉米、水稻抗涝耐淹形态生理指标3套；研发防洪避灾种植模式3套，制定灾害防控技术规程3项。成果已在湖南、江西、浙江、安徽、广西、重庆、陕西7省（区、市）进行了气象业务应用，制作发布洪涝灾害农业气象专题服务产品、决策服务报告40多期，洪涝预警与减灾服务取得了显著的减灾增产效果。提出了基于灾害风险逆过程分析的等级指标构建方法，突破了基于降水过程的农业、玉米、水稻洪涝灾害等级阈值确定、分省指标可比性等关键技术，为农业灾害实时监测预警评估的业务发展提供了指标支撑。The results of this project revealed the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of agriculture,corn,and rice fl ood disasters in the whole country and in the study area.Eleven sets of corn and rice fl ood disaster level indicators and ten sets of provincial agriculture fl ood disaster level indicators were built.Three sets of waterlogging and fl ood tolerance physiological indicators were established.Three sets of fl ood control and disaster prevention in cropping model farming and cultivation integrated technology were developed.Three sets of disaster prevention and control of technological processes were constructed.The results have been used for meteorological business applications in Hunan,Jiangxi,Zhejiang,Anhui,Guangxi,Chongqing,Shaanxi seven provinces(district and city).It made and published more than forty special service products and decision-making service reports of fl oods and agricultural weather.Flood warning and disaster reduction service achieved a signifi cant effi ciency of disaster reduction and production increase.This project put forward the construction method of level indicators based on the inverse risk analysis of disaster risk,resolved the key technologies of the flooding level threshold of agricultural flooding,maize and rice flooding,and the comparability of provincial indicators which are based on precipitation process,and provided indicators to support the development of real-time monitoring and forecasting of agricultural disaster.

关 键 词：农业气象 生态环境 洪涝灾害 等级指标 形态生理指标 技术规程 服务产品 预警评估 

分 类 号：S16[农业科学—农业气象学]