体例精当 匠心运用——中国历史编纂学优良传统之一  

Practice and Appropriate Stylistic Rules and Layout, Ingenuity Integrated with Exercising the Inventive Mind: One of the Fine Tradition of Chinese Historiography

作　　者：陈其泰[1] CHEN Qi-tai

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学历史学院,北京100875

出　　处：《北京行政学院学报》2017年第5期100-108,共9页Journal of Beijing administration institute

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(09ZSA001)

摘　　要：史书体例的恰当运用是历史编纂学的重要问题,我们应当认真地总结、表彰古代史家如何匠心运用,做到史书内部组织结构和叙事方法的严密、协调。体例的制定和运用是为史书内容服务的,出色的史家苦心经营,运用体例达到严密、精当,从《左传》《史记》以下形成了优良的传统,显示出中华民族历史意识的发达。经过初步梳理,通过对百卷巨著如何锤炼成有机整体、复杂的篇章何以写得层次分明、众多人物传记如何合理编次、纷繁的纪年如何恰当处理、学术史著作如何达到完善等五个方面的分析总结,彰显中国史家在体例运用上的优良传统。The appropriate application of the stylistic rules and layout in history books is an important issue in historiography,so we should summarize and commend how ancient Chinese historians could use their ingenuity integrated with exercising their inventive mind to realize the strictness and coordination of the internal organization structures of history books and their narrative methods.The critical point lies in the fact that the formulation and application of the stylistic rules and layout serves the contents of history books with excellent historians’mastermind with painstaking effort and their strict,precise and appropriate application of the stylistic rules and layout,which had formed a fine tradition since Commentary of Zuo on Spring and Autumn Annals(Zuozhuan)and Records of the Grand Historian(The Scribe’s Records/Shiji)were first published,and also reveals the advancement of Chinese nation’s historical consciousness.According to the preliminary review,we should demonstrate the fine tradition of Chinese historians in the application of the stylistic rules and layout from five aspects as follows:how a monumental work with hundred of volumes could be thoroughly tempered as an organic whole,why the complex sections and chapters could be written well-hierarchically and-structuredly,how to arrange the order of numerous biographies reasonably,how to deal with miscellaneous annals and chronologies properly,how to improve the works of intellectual history perfectly.

关 键 词：历史编纂学 《史记》 《汉书》 《后汉书》 《资治通鉴》 《明儒学案》 

分 类 号：K062[历史地理—历史学]