规模化生猪养殖粪便处理与成本收益分析  

Patterns and cost-benefit analysis of manure disposal of scale pig production in China

作　　者：陈菲菲[1] 张崇尚[1] 王艺诺[1] 仇焕广[1] CHEN Fei-fei;ZHANG Chong-shang;WANG Yi-nuo;QIU Huan-guang(School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院,北京100872

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2017年第9期3455-3463,共9页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71673290;1473255)

摘　　要：通过对河南省不同规模生猪养殖户(企业)的典型案例调研,提炼了不同养殖规模下,生猪粪便处理的主要模式,分规模估算了污染系数和排污量占比,并对比分析了不同养殖规模粪便处理的成本收益现状.研究发现:不同养殖规模在粪便处理方式的选择上存在较大差异,成本收益和监管力度是决定养殖户采取不同粪便处理方式的关键因素;我国生猪养殖污染排放的压力较为严重,污染治理设备投资资金压力大、缺乏配套的种植用地消化畜禽粪便、粪便循环利用的经济效益较低、有机肥市场监管不完善等问题是制约养殖户减少粪便污染的重要因素.在此基础上,本文提出了促进生猪粪便利用、减少环境污染排放的政策建议.Based on the study of typical cases in Henan Province,the author analyzed main patterns of manure disposalused by pig farmers of different scales,estimated the pollution coefficients of pig farmers with different scales,and madea comparative analysis of the costs and benefits of different manure disposal patterns adopted by pig producers.It hasbeen found that:1)the manure disposal patterns of various famers differed from each other greatly.Further analysisshowed that the costs and benefits of different disposal patterns and the force of supervision on manure discharge werekey factors that affected the manure disposal patterns adopted by pig farmers;2)there were some other factors thatdiscouraged pig farmers in reducing the pollution caused by pig manure,such as the financial pressure brought by theinvestment in manure disposal facilities,limited arable land that could be used for manure disposal,low economicefficiency from the cyclic utilization of manure disposal,and poor supervision of the organic fertilizer market.Based onwhat have been mentioned above,the author made some suggestions on how to promote the recycling use of manure andhow to reduce the pollution from livestock production in this paper.

关 键 词：畜禽粪便 处理模式 污染系数 成本收益分析 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]