南方地区典型生物质燃烧锅炉二噁英排放污染特征  

Research on pollution characteristic of dioxin emitted from typical biomass combustion boiler in southern region

作　　者：赵金平[1] 钟英立[1] 徐小静[1] 王焕香[1] 肖文[1] 向运荣[1] 刘军[1] ZHAO Jin-ping;ZHONG Ying-li;XU Xiao-jing;WANG Huan-xiang;XIAO Wen;XIANG Yun-rong;LIU Jun(Guangdong Environmental Monitoring Centre, Guangzhou 510308, China)

机构地区：[1]广东省环境监测中心,广东广州510308

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2017年第9期3473-3480,共8页China Environmental Science

基　　金：广东省锅炉窑炉排放调查及排放清单研究(2014HBZX-2-09);广东省省级科技计划资助项目(2016A040403069)

摘　　要：选取南方典型生物质燃烧锅炉,采集大型、中型和小型生物质燃烧锅炉排放的二噁英,进行样品前处理和高分辨气相/高分辨质谱分析,结果显示:大型生物质燃烧锅炉企业排放的二噁英颗粒相和气相浓度范围为4.85~20.6pg/m^3和21.3~45.2pg/m^3,总浓度均值为40.8pg/m^3,低于中型企业排放的颗粒相和气相二噁英浓度34.3~3976pg/m^3和99.6~3261pg/m^3,总浓度均值2470pg/m^3,小型生物质燃烧锅炉排放的二噁英浓度最高,颗粒相和气相二噁英的浓度范围为441~43081pg/m^3和545~5553pg/m^3,总浓度均值为16234pg/m^3.生物质燃耗锅炉排放烟气中气相和颗粒相的二噁英同系物分布特征显示.大型企业颗粒相和气相中贡献率高的单体均为Hp CDF和OCDD.其贡献率分别为:16.0%~44.7%和14.0~62.9%.中型和小型企业颗粒相和气相贡献率较大的单体为Hx CDF、Hp CDF和Pe CDF、Hx CDF,其贡献率分别为:10.0%~29.3%、8.0%~20.9%和12.4%~44.0%、17.0%~31.4%.生物质燃烧锅炉排放的二噁英I-TEQ分布特征显示PCDFs的I-TEQ量要大于PCDDs,二噁英颗粒相中I-TEQ贡献率较大为2,3,4,7,8-Pe CDF和1,2,3,7,8-Pe CDD,气相则还包括了贡献率较大的2,3,7,8-TCDD.2,3,4,7,8-Pe CDF与二噁英的颗粒相、气相和总浓度之间存在显著线性关系,R2分别达到了0.999、0.980和0.991,可作为二噁英研究的指示物.By sampling dioxins discharged from typical biomass combustion boilers(including large-,medium-,andsmall-scale)in southern region and undergoing sample pretreatment,the dioxin samples were analyzed by high-resolution gaschromatography/high-resolution mass spectrum(HRGC/HRMS).Data showed that the total average concentration of dioxindischarged by large-scale biomass combustion boiler was40.8pg/m3,consisting of4.85~20.6pg/m3in particles and21.3~45.2pg/m3in gas phase,each of which was much lower than the discharge concentration from the medium-scalebiomass combustion boiler,which was2470pg/m3in total average,34.3~4074pg/m3in particles,and99.6~3261pg/m3in gasphase,respectively.Furthermore,the small-scale biomass combustion boiler had the highest dioxin discharge concentration,with16234pg/m3in total average,441~43170pg/m3in particles,and776~5553pg/m3in gas phase,respectively.Thedistribution characteristics of dioxin homologues in the flue gas of the biomass combustion boiler showed that HpCDF andOCDD constituted the major contribution to particle and gas phase dioxins in large-scale enterprise,with each percentage of16.0%~44.7%and14.0%~62.9%,respectively.However,HxCDF,HpCDF and PeCDF,HxCDF were the major contributorto the particle and gas phase dioxin concentration,the percentage reached to10.0%~29.3%,8.0%~20.9%and12.4%~44.0%,17.0%~31.4%.The I-TEQ distribution of dioxin in the biomass combustion boiler shows that the I-TEQ content of PCDFswas greater than that of PCDDs,where2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF and1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD were the major contributors to I-TEQ indioxin of both particles and gas phase.Besides these two components,2,3,7,8-TCDD was the third major contributor toI-TEQ in dioxin of gas phase.There was a significant linear relationship between the concentration of2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF andthe total concentration of dioxin(including the particle phase and the gas phase dioxin),with R2of0.999,0.981and0.991,respectively,provided indicating information on the study of dioxin.

关 键 词：生物质 锅炉 二噁英 排放 污染特征 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]