石油与食细菌线虫对土壤温室气体排放的影响  

The influences of oil contamination and bacterial-feeding nematodes on greenhouse gas emissions

作　　者：周际海[1] 唐嘉婕[1] 袁颖红[1] 黄荣霞 程坤[1] 吴雪艳[1] 袁东东[1] 樊后保[1] ZHOU Ji-Hai;TANG Jia-Jie;YUAN Ying-Hong;HUANG Rong-Xia;CHENG Kun;WU Xue-Yan;YUAN Dong-Dong;FAN Hou-Bao(Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems & Watershed Ecohydrology, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330099, China;School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036, China)

机构地区：[1]南昌工程学院,江西省退化生态系统修复与流域生态水文重点实验室,江西南昌330099 [2]安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,安徽合肥230036

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2017年第9期3497-3505,共9页China Environmental Science

基　　金：江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(GJJ20151118);国家自然科学基金资助项目(31460149);江西省科技厅重点研发计划项目(20161BBG70050);2016南昌工程学院大学生创新训练计划

摘　　要：采用室内培养试验,利用人工模拟石油污染土壤并接种不同密度的食细菌线虫,探究石油污染条件下食细菌线虫对土壤温室气体排放及微生物活性的影响.本实验设5个处理,即:新鲜土壤(S)、5.0g/kg石油污染土壤(SP)、5.0g/kg石油污染土壤+5条线虫/g干土(SPN5)、5.0g/kg石油污染土壤+10条线虫/g干土(SPN10)、5.0g/kg石油污染土壤+20条线虫/g干土(SPN20).结果表明:石油污染可以使土壤的CO_2、N2_O排放量明显增加,分别是对照处理S的7.03~10.16倍、11.56~32.19倍,而对CH4的排放影响不明显;但从温室气体增温潜势(GWP)变化可以看出石油污染对温室效应具有明显的增强作用,是对照处理S的7.13~10.17倍;石油污染和食细菌线虫在一定程度上增加微生物生物量碳和代谢熵(q CO_2),微生物生物量碳变化的趋势是先升高后下降,各处理的代谢熵是对照处理S的6.59~9.83倍;石油污染对荧光素二乙酸酯(FDA)水解酶活性表现为初期抑制后期激活;石油污染对蔗糖酶和脲酶活性主要表现为激活作用;食细菌线虫一定程度上可增加石油污染土壤中酶的活性,从而影响温室气体CO_2、N_2O、CH_4的排放.A laboratory experiment was set up to explore the influences of oil pollution and bacterial-feeding nematodesgreenhouse gas emissions and soil microbial activities.There were5treatments in this experiment:soil(S)as thecontrol,5.0g/kg oil contaminated soil(SP),5.0g/kg oil contaminated soil+5nematodes/g dry soil(SPN5),5.0g/kg oilcontaminated soil+10nematodes/g dry soil(SPN10),5.0g/kg oil contaminated soil+20nematodes/g dry soil(SPN20).Compared with the control,the emissions of CO2,N2O increased by7.03~10.16times,11.56~32.19times respectively inoil contaminated soil,and the emission of CH4wasn’t impacted obviously.The oil pollution has seriously aggravated thegreenhouse effect judging by the dynamic of global warming potential(GWP),and greenhouse effect has increased by7.13~10.17times compared with the control.Oil pollution and bacterial-feeding nematodes increased microbial biomasscarbon and metabolic entropy(qCO2)to a certain extent,with the microbial biomass carbon increasing at first and thendecreasing.Compared with the control,the metabolic entropy of other treatments was about6.59~9.83times higher.Thefluorescein diacetate(FDA)hydrolysis activity was inhibited before being enhanced in oil contaminated soil.While theactivities of soil invertase and urease were enhanced in oil contaminated soil.To some extent,the bacterial-feedingnematodes can promote soil enzyme activity,and affect the emissions of greenhouse gases,CO2,N2O,and CH4.

关 键 词：石油污染 食细菌线虫 土壤温室气体 微生物活性 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]