开放式空气中CO_2浓度和温度增高对水稻叶片叶绿素含量和SPAD值的动态影响  

Effects of Elevated Atmospheric CO_2 and Temperature on Dynamics of Leaf Chlorophyll Contents and SPAD Value of Rice in Open-Air Field Conditions

作　　者：周宁 景立权[1] 王云霞 朱建国[4] 杨连新[1] 王余龙 ZHOU Ning;JING Liquan;WANG Yunxia;ZHU Jianguo;YANG Lianxin;WANG Yulong(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009, China;Jiangsu Food & Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai’an 223003, China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室培育点/粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,江苏扬州225009 [2]江苏食品药品职业技术学院,江苏淮安223003 [3]扬州大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏扬州225009 [4]中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,南京210008

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2017年第5期524-532,共9页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大国际合作项目(31261140364);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31671618;31571597;31371563和31171460);江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室开放课题资助项目(K13015);江苏省高校"青蓝工程"项目(苏教师﹝2016﹞15号);江苏食品药品职业技术学院科研基金面上引导项目(3011500115);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目

摘　　要：【目的】针对不断增高的大气二氧化碳(CO_2)浓度和温度,研究这两个重要环境因子及其互作对大田生长水稻叶片叶绿素含量和SPAD值的动态影响。【方法】利用农田T-FACE(Temperature-Free Air CO_2 Enrichment)系统,以高产优质粳稻武运粳23为供试材料,设置两个CO_2浓度(环境CO_2浓度和高CO_2浓度)和两个温度处理(环境温度和高温),测定自然生长环境下水稻不同生育期叶片的叶绿素含量及SPAD值。【结果】550μmol/mol CO_2浓度使水稻移栽后41、77、94 d叶绿素a,b和a+b含量均增加(最大增幅为6.4%),但移栽110、119 d后均减少(最大降幅为5.4%)。由于叶绿素b含量对CO_2较叶绿素a含量更敏感,故高CO_2浓度使移栽后41、77和94 d叶绿素a/b值均下降,降幅分别为4.7%、2.3%和0.9%,但移栽110和119 d后分别增加1.9%和5.3%;以上对CO_2的响应多达显著水平。对叶片SPAD值而言,高CO_2浓度对水稻生长前、中期的影响较小,但移栽110和119 d后分别下降3.5%(P=0.1)和19.1%(P<0.01)。大田生长期增温1℃,各期叶绿素a、b以及a+b含量多呈增加趋势,叶绿素a/b值表现相反,但总体上变幅小于CO_2效应;高温对水稻前、中期叶片SPAD的影响较小,但移栽110和119d后SPAD值平均下降7.1%和14.8%,均达极显著水平。CO_2与温度处理对上述测定参数多无显著互作效应,但CO_2浓度、温度处理与生育期之间多存在明显的互作效应。【结论】大气CO_2浓度增高有利于水稻生长前中期叶片叶绿素的形成,但生长后期叶绿素含量和SPAD值均明显下降且伴随叶绿素a/b值的显著升高,这种早衰现象在不同生长温度下趋势一致。【Objcetive】In view of the potential impacts of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO2)concentration andair temperature,the dynamic effects of these two important environmental factors and their interaction on leaf chlorophyllcontents and SPAD values of rice in field were studied.【Method】By using T-FACE(Temperature-Free Air CO2Enrichment)facility,a high yield and excellent-quality japonica rice(Oryza sativa L.)Wuyunjing23was grown at twolevels of CO2(ambient and elevated CO2concentration)and two temperature regimes(ambient and elevated temperature)in a field experiment.We measured leaf chlorophyll contents and SPAD values during the whole growth period of riceplants.【Result】Elevated CO2concentration increased chlorophyll a,b,a+b contents of rice on41,77and94days aftertransplanting(DAT),with the maximum increase of6.4%.On the contrary,they were decreased by elevated CO2concentration on110and119DAT,with the maximum decrease of5.4%.Due to the greater responses of chlorophyll b toCO2concentration than that of chlorophyll a,elevated CO2concentration decreased chlorophyll a/b ratio on41,77and94DAT by4.7%,2.3%and0.9%,but increased it on110and119DAT by1.9%and5.3%,respectively.No obvious effectof elevated CO2concentration on leaf SPAD values was detected in the early and middle growth stages.But elevated CO2concentration decreased leaf SPAD values by3.5%(P=0.1)and19.1%(P<0.01)on110and119DAT.1℃increase intemperature on average had positive effects on chlorophyll a,b,a+b contents in each growth stage of rice,but negativeeffects were found on chlorophyll a/b ratio.In general,the magnitudes of variation induced by temperature were less thanthose by elevated CO2concentration.No obvious effect of temperature elevation on leaf SPAD values was detected in theearly and middle growth stages.But temperature elevation deceased leaf SPAD values by7.1%(P<0.01)and14.8%(P<0.01)on110and119DAT,respectively.No CO2-temperature interaction was detected for most of measuredparameters,but significant CO2-or temperature-growth st

关 键 词：FACE(FreeAirCO2Enrichment) 二氧化碳 温度 叶绿素含量 SPAD值 

分 类 号：S511.22[农业科学—作物学]