气象因子与不同产胶特性橡胶树品系早期产量的相关性分析  

Correlation between meteorological factors and early yield of different-clone rubber trees(Hevea brasiliensis Muell.Arg.)with various rubber production characteristics

作　　者：张源源[1,2,3] 吴志祥 王祥军[1,2,3] 高新生 张晓飞[1,2,3] 位明明 黄肖[1,2,3] 李维国 ZHANG Yuan-yuan;WU Zhi-xiang;WANG Xiang-jun;GAO Xin-sheng;ZHANG Xiao-fei;WEI Ming-ming;HUANG Xiao;LIWei-guo(Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Danzhou,Hainan 571737,China;State Center for Rubber Breeding,Danzhou,Hainan 571737,China;Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree,Ministry of Agriculture,Danzhou,Hainan 571737,China;Danzhou Investigation & Experiment Station of Tropical Crops,Ministry of Agriculture,Danzhou,Hainan 571737,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海南儋州571737 [2]国家橡胶树育种中心,海南儋州571737 [3]农业部橡胶树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室,海南儋州571737 [4]农业部儋州热带作物科学观测试验站,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2017年第8期1427-1433,共7页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项项目(CARS-34);中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项项目(1630022015015)

摘　　要：【目的】研究气象因子对不同产胶特性橡胶树产量的影响,为橡胶树品种选育和橡胶生产提供理论依据。【方法】采用方差分析和多重比较方法分析7个橡胶树品系开割3年的胶乳产量、干胶含量和干胶产量差异,采用灰色关联分析和偏相关分析方法分析平均温度、最高温度、最低温度、相对湿度、光合有效辐射和降水量等气象因子与不同产胶特性橡胶树品系开割早期的胶乳产量、干胶含量和干胶产量的关联度和相关性。【结果】不同品质橡胶树的胶乳产量、干胶含量和产胶产量均存在极显著差异(P<0.01),根据产胶特性可将7个品系划分为6种产胶特性类别;气象因子与橡胶树干胶产量关联度排序为:割胶当天平均相对湿度>割胶前3 d逐日平均相对湿度>割胶前3 d总降水量>割胶前3 d逐日平均温度>割胶前3 d逐日平均最低温度>割胶当天最低温度>割胶前3 d逐日平均最高温度>割胶前3 d逐日平均光合有效辐射。偏相关分析结果表明,开割前3 d逐日平均相对湿度和割胶当天平均相对湿度对不同产胶特性橡胶树品系的胶乳产量、干胶含量均具有显著影响,相对湿度越大、产胶量越高。【结论】橡胶树产量主要由基因型决定;相对湿度对橡胶树产量有显著影响,割胶前3 d逐日平均相对湿度和割胶当天平均相对湿度越大、产量越高。【Objective】In this study,effects of meteorological factors on yields of rubber tree(Hevea brasiliensis Muell.Arg.)with different rubber production characteristics were analyzed to provide theoretical references for variety breeding and rubber production.【Method】Latex yield,dry rubber content and dry rubber yield of seven clones tapping for three years were compared by variance analysis and multiple comparison method,then gray correlation analysis and partial correlation analysis were used to analyze the relationship between meteorological factors(average temperature,maximum temperature,minimum temperature,relative humidity,photosynthetically active radiation and rainfall)and yield factors of different clones(latex yield,dry rubber content and dry rubber yield).【Result】There was extremely significant difference in latex yield,dry rubber content and dry rubber yield among the seven clones(P<0.01).The seven clones were divided into six categories according to the characteristics of rubber production.The rank of correlation between meteorological factors and dry rubber yield was as follows:average relative humidity on tapping day>average daily relative humidity3d before tapping>total rainfall3d before tapping>average daily temperature3d before tapping>average daily minimum temperature3d before tapping>minimum temperature on tapping day>average daily maximum temperature3d before tapping>average daily photosynthetically active radiation3d before tapping.Partial correlation analysis indicated that average daily relative humidity3d before tapping and average relative humidity on tapping day posed significant difference on latex yield and dry rubber content of different clones.Rubber content increased as relative humidity rose.【Conclusion】The yield of rubber is dominated by genotype.Among meteorological factors,relative humidity has significant effects on yield of rubber.The higher the average daily relative humidity3d before tapping and relative humidity on tapping day,the higher the yield.

关 键 词：气象因子 橡胶树 产量 相关性 

分 类 号：S794.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]