入侵植物胜红蓟精油对小贯小绿叶蝉的忌避和熏蒸活性研究  

The Repellency and Fumigant Activity of Essential Oil from Invasive Plant (Ageratum conyzoides) against Leafhopper (Empoasca onukii)

作　　者：王奇志[1] 刘育梅[2] 李书明 WANG Qizhi;LIU Yumei;LI Shuming(Department of Horticulture, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China;Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen 361002, China)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学园艺系,福建厦门361021 [2]厦门华侨亚热带植物引种园,福建厦门361002

出　　处：《茶叶科学》2017年第5期442-448,共7页Journal of Tea Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31500162);福建省农业重点自然科学基金项目(2014N0026);泉州市校(院)地协同创新专项(重点)项目(2014Z101);厦门市企业合作项目(2015-3502-04-001831)

摘　　要：本文研究了入侵植物胜红蓟(Ageratum conyzoides L.)精油对小贯小绿叶蝉(Empoasca onukii Matsuda)的生物活性。分别使用植株选择着落法、Y形嗅觉仪和改良熏蒸法,检测不同浓度的胜红蓟精油对小贯小绿叶蝉的忌避和熏蒸活性。并且采用气质联用仪(GC-MS)分析了胜红蓟精油的化学成分,初步探讨了化学成分与活性的关系。研究结果表明:不同浓度的胜红蓟精油对小贯小绿叶蝉均具有忌避和熏蒸活性,浓度越高,效果越佳。精油含量为200μL·mL^(-1),忌避率达到100.00%;精油含量为100μL·mL^(-1)和50μL·mL^(-1)时,处理小贯小绿叶蝉5 min,忌避率分别为91.67%±1.67%和76.67%±1.67%;精油含量为5μL·mL^(-1)时熏蒸小贯小绿叶蝉12 h,死亡率为100%。并且胜红蓟精油中检测出24种化合物,其主要成分是β-石竹烯(61.53%)、早熟素I(11.09%)和早熟素II(7.79%)。胜红蓟精油对小贯小绿叶蝉的忌避和熏蒸活性可能与其主要成分的协同作用有关。研究结果证明,胜红蓟精油对小贯小绿叶蝉有明显的生物活性,具有开发成防治小贯小绿叶蝉植物源农药的潜力。The biological activity of essential oil from the invasive plant species Ageratum conyzoides L.to leafhopper Empoasca onukii Matsuda was reported in this study.The effects of essential oil concentrations on E.onukii were also investigated by selecting different plants and using Y-tube olfactometer and modified fumigation methods.The chemical composition of essential oil was examined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)and their relative activities was also analyzed.The results indicated that essential oil concentrations from A.conyzoides had significant effects on fumigant and repellent properties against E.onukii.High concentrations ofessential oil displayed significant powerful effects.At an oil conc entration of200μL·mL-1,the repellent rate was100%.At concentrations of100μL·mL-1and50μL·mL-1,the repellent rates were91.67%±1.67%and76.67%±1.67%,respectively.At a concentration of5μL·mL-1,the fumigant mortality rate at12h was100%.Twenty-four essential oil constituents were identified,with the major constituents beingβ-caryophyllene(61.53%),precocene I(11.09%),and precocene II(7.79%).Main synergistic composition could effectively increase the repellency and fumigant activity against E.onukii.The results showed that the essential oil of A.conyzoides hadsignificant effects against E.onukii and potential benefits as a botanical pesticide to control E.onukii.

关 键 词：胜红蓟 小贯小绿叶蝉 化学成分 生物活性 

分 类 号：S435.711[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]