有机肥料用量对低产稻田土壤养分和水稻产量的影响  

Effects of Organic Fertilizer Amount on Soil Nutrients and Rice Yield in Low Yield Paddy Fields

作　　者：唐湘文 黄晶[2] 王伯仁[2] TANG Xiang-wen;HUANG Jing;WANG Bo-ren(Qiyang County Agricultural Committee of Hunan Province, Qiyang 421600, PRC;Hengyang Red Soil Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hengyang 426182, PRC)

机构地区：[1]祁阳县农业委员会,湖南祁阳426100 [2]中国农业科学院衡阳红壤试验站,湖南祁阳426182

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2017年第9期33-36,共4页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项(2016YFD0300901;2016YFD 0300902)

摘　　要：连续3 a在中低产水稻土上进行有机肥料试验,结果表明:施用有机肥料使水稻经济产量平均增产25%,而秸秆产量增加效果高达47%;在低量有机肥料处理中,养分的农学效率为6.3 kg,肥料养分利用率36.8%,高量处理中养分的农学效率只有1.7 kg/kg,肥料养分利用率仅为20.8%,有机肥料最佳施用量在15~30 t/hm^2。施用有机肥料可以快速培肥土壤,3 a后,土壤中的OM、全N、全P、有效N、有效P和有效K含量比不施肥处理分别增加8.0%、9.6%、20.0%、8.2%、183.1%和21.5%。其中以增加土壤全P和有效P效果最为明显,有效P平均增加183%,土壤OM也增加8%,全N增加9.6%。有机肥料能够快速培肥稻田土壤和提高水稻产量。Based on the experiment of3years continuous application of organic fertilizer in low yield paddy soil,the results showedthat by applying organic fertilizer,the average economic yield of rice increased by25%,and the yield of straw increased by47%;in loworganic fertilizer treatment,the agronomic efficiency of nutrient was6.3kg,and the fertilizer nutrient utilization rate was36.8%,theagronomic efficiency of nutrient in the high volume treatment was only1.7kg/kg,and the utilization rate of fertilizer nutrients was only20.8%,the optimum dosage of organic fertilizer is15-30t/hm2.Applying organic fertilizer can quickly fertilize soil,after3years,the soilorganic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium content in the applicationorganic fertilizer treatments increased by8%,9.6%,20%,8.2%,183.1%,21.5%respectively,that compared with non-fertilizer treatment.Application of organic fertilizer to increase the total phosphorus and effective phosphorus of the soil was the most obvious,the effectivephosphorus increased by183%,and the soil organic matter increased by8%,and soil total nitrogen increased by9.6%.Organic fertilizercan cultivate the paddy soil quickly and increase the yield of rice.

关 键 词：有机肥 低产稻田 土壤养分 水稻产量 

分 类 号：S141[农业科学—肥料学]