33个枣树品种在甘肃沿黄灌区的开花结果特性研究  

Characteristics on Flowering and Fruiting of 33 Jujube Varieties in Yellow River Irrigation Area of Gansu

作　　者：戚建莉 张广忠 朱红斌 黄华梨 张露荷 QI Jian-li;ZHANG Guang-zhong;ZHU Hong-bin;HUANG Hua-li;ZHANG Lu-he(Gansu Academy of Forestry, Lanzhou 730020, PRC)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省林业科学研究院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2017年第9期65-69,共5页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项(201304702)

摘　　要：为了研究不同枣树品种在甘肃沿黄灌区的生长表现差异,筛选适宜当地条件的优良品种,提高枣果产量、质量及经济效益,以国内引进的33个枣树品种的4 a生实生苗为试验材料,测定了枣吊长度、枣吊花数、结果数等指标。结果表明:枣品种间的开花结果特性存在较大差异。其中,六月鲜的枣吊长度最长,为42.62 cm,黄骅冬枣的最短,为20.61 cm;不落酥、晋赞大枣、六月鲜、马铃脆枣、尜尜枣、冷白玉、七月鲜、甘酥佛枣、磨盘大枣、黄骅冬枣、新郑早红枣、胎里红、新星无核和大冬枣这14个品种均无落花落果现象,但坐果率普遍较低;而其他表现出落花落果现象的19个品种中,金昌一号、小梨枣落花率最高,晋矮四号的坐果率最高,新星枣的落果率最高。因此,从综合生长角度考虑,晋矮三号、晋矮四号、壶瓶枣、甘酥佛枣、蜂蜜罐和孔府酥脆枣这6个品种适宜当地栽种。In order to select the main jujube varieties suitable for the irrigation area along Yellow River in Gansu and improve their yieldand quality of fruit,some four-year-old seedlings of33jujube varieties introduced from across China were used as experimental materialsto test the growth performance of the33jujube varieties in the Yellow River irrigation area of Gansu on the length of bearing branch,theflower number of bearing branch and fruit bearing number in this study.The results showed that there was a larger difference in growthperformance between different jujube varieties.Among them,the bearing branch length of jujube variety Liuyuexian was the longest(42.62cm),and that of brumal jujube variety Huanghuadongzao was the shortest(20.61cm);14jujube varieties without flower and fruit droppingwere of lower fruit setting rate generally;and19jujube varieties had performance of flower and fruit dropping,including the varietiesJinchang1and Xiaolizao with highest flower dropping rate,Xinxingzao with highest fruit dropping rate and Jin-ai4with highest fruitsetting rate.Therefore,in the comprehensive growth performance,the6varieties Jin-ai3,Jin-ai4,Hupingzao,Gansufozao,Fengmiguanand Kongfusucuizao would be suitable for local planting in the Yellow River irrigation area of Gansu.

关 键 词：枣 沿黄灌区 开花结果特性 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]