笼络与控制:川西北土司“年班制度”的建立及首次朝觐  

Cajolement and Dominance: The Yearly Shift System and the First Audience with Emperor

作　　者：邹建达 杨晓燕[2] 

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学历史与行政学院 [2]云南警官学院,云南昆明650092

出　　处：《遵义师范学院学报》2017年第5期18-22,共5页Journal of Zunyi Normal University

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目"中国土司制度史料编纂整理与研究"(12&ZD135)

摘　　要："金川之役"后,为确保包括大、小金川在内的川西北土司地区的长治久安,清廷制定了一系列的善后措施。其中,将之前成功施行于内外蒙古和回部王公的"年班制度"用于川西北土司,仿照回部年班之例建立起川西北土司的"年班制度",使得川西北土司成为西南众多土司中唯一享受朝觐殊荣者。而川西北土司的首次朝觐,人数之多,在京时间之长,接待规格之高,参与活动之丰富,获得赏赐之丰厚,都是极其罕见的。川西北土司年班制度的建立和首次成功朝觐,既是清廷对在征剿两金川战争中支持清军各土司的奖励,并藉此加以笼络的重要措施,也是对各土司实施控制的重要制度安排。"年班制度"的实施,对该地区的稳定和发展产生了积极的作用。In order to keep the social stability of Tusi District in the northwestern Sichuan,the government of Qing Dynasty took a series of after the“Jinchuan Battle”.Among them,“Yearly Shift”that had worked well in outer and inner Mongolia was used in the Tusi of the Northwestern Sichuan,thus making it possible for the Tusi to have an audience with an emperor.And as for this audience,it was terribly unusual because of the large number of visitors,the longest time for stay in the capital,the richest activities,the highest level and the most precious rewards.The establishment of yearly shift systemand their first audience with emperor was not only a kind of reward to the supporters of Qing soldiers,but an important policy taken as an kind of dominance over the Tusi leaders.The implementation of this systemplays an active role in stabilizing and developing this region.

关 键 词：川西北 土司 清高宗 年班制度 朝觐 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]