大兴安岭不同坡位地表可燃物含水率的动态变化与建模  

Dynamic Change and Modeling of Moisture Content of Surface Fuel in Different Slope Positions of Daxing'anling

作　　者：宋雨[1] 胡海清[1] 孙龙[1] 苏漳文 Song Yu;Hu Haiqing;Sun Long;Su Zhangwen(College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《森林工程》2017年第5期1-7,共7页Forest Engineering

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项(20144402)

摘　　要：大兴安岭林区是我国森林资源最为丰富、森林火灾最为严重的地区。分析该地区气象、地表可燃物含水率动态变化规律,准确估测地表可燃物含水率可以降低森林火灾发生的几率,对该地区的森林防火工作意义重大。本研究以大兴安岭地区三种典型林型(阴坡白桦林、阳坡樟子松林、阴坡落叶松林)的地表可燃物为研究对象,分析不同林型、不同坡位(上坡位、中坡位、下坡位)地表可燃物含水率和气象参数的动态变化规律,计算气象因子与地表可燃物含水率的Pearson相关系数,分别采用Nelson法、Simard法和气象要素回归法建立地表可燃物含水率预测模型。研究结论如下:对于研究区不同林分,阳坡樟子松林空气平均温度高于阴坡白桦林,阴坡白桦林平均温度高于阴坡落叶松林;阴坡落叶松空气湿度高于阴坡白桦林空气湿度,阴坡白桦林空气湿度高于阳坡樟子松林空气湿度;地表可燃物含水率的关系为阴坡落叶松林>阴坡白桦林>阳坡樟子松林;三种林分地表可燃物含水率均与空气相对湿度、当日最高空气相对湿度呈正相关,与空气温度、当日最高空气温度呈负相关,与风速的相关性较低;Nelson法建立的模型决定系数R2为0.635~0.934,Simard法构建的预测模型,决定系数R2为0.82~0.907,逐步回归模型的决定系数R2为0.191~0.408,Nelson法和Simard法是更适于该地区的地表可燃物含水率预测方法。Daxing’anling is the forest which has the most abundant forest resources and has the most serious forest fires in China.It is of great significance for the forest fire prevention work in this area to analyze the dynamic change of meteorological elements and surface fuel moisture content,and to accurately estimate the moisture content of surface fuel moisture content to reduce the occurrenceof forest fires.In this study,the surface fuel of three kinds of typical forest types(north slope Betula platyphylla,south slope Pinus sylvestris Linn,north slope Larix gmelinii)in Daxing^nling was used as the research object.The dynamic changes of surface fuel moisture content and meteorological parameters in different forest types and different slope positions(high,mid and low slope-position)were analyzed.The Person correlation coefficient between meteorological factors and surface fuel moisture content was calculated.The Nelson method,Simard method and meteorological element regression method were selected to establish the fuel moisture content prediction models.The conclusion of the study were as follows:for different forest types in the study area,the average temperature of south slope Pinus sylvestris Linn was higher than that of north slope Betula platyphylla and the average temperature of north slope Betula platyphylla was higer than that of north slope Larix gmelinii.The air humidity of north slope Betula platyphylla was higher than that of north slope Larix gmelinii and the air humidity of north slope Larix gmelinii was higher than that of south slope Pinus sylvestris Linn.The relationship between surface fuel moisture content was north slope Larix gmelinii>north slope Betula platyphylla>south slope Pinus sylvestris Linn.The surface fuel moisture content in three types was positively correlated with air relative humidity and the highest daily air relative humidity,and negatively correlated with air temperature and the highest daily air temperature,but had low correlation with wind speed.The determination coefficient

关 键 词：可燃物含水率 气象因子 地形因子 回归模型 

分 类 号：S762[农业科学—森林保护学]