农户从事生态循环农业意愿与行为的决定:市场收益还是政策激励?  

Determinants of farmers' willingness and behavior to engage in ecological circular agriculture:market returns or policy incentives?

作　　者：黄炜虹 齐振宏[1] 邬兰娅 胡剑[1,2] HUANG Wei-hong;QI Zhen-hong;WU Lan-ya;HU Jian(College of Economics and Management, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan Hubei 430070,China;Hubei Rural Development Research Center, Wuhan Hubei 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学经济管理学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]湖北农村发展研究中心,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2017年第8期69-77,共9页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家十三五重点研发计划"粮食主产区作物种植模式资源效率与生态经济评价"(批准号:2016YFD0300210);国家社会科学基金项目"习近平总书记生态文明建设系列讲话精神研究"(批准号:14AZD002)

摘　　要：发展生态循环农业是我国新时期转变农业发展方式的战略选择,农户是生态循环农业的经营主体和利益相关者,厘清农户参与生态循环农业的根本动机,对于制定有效的生态循环农业推广措施具有重要意义。文章基于湖北省391份农户调查数据,首先,在文献回顾的基础上提出市场收益、政策激励对农户生态循环农业从事意愿与行为影响路径的基本假设,并利用OLS方法分析市场收益和政策激励对农户从事生态循环农业意愿与行为的影响;其次,运用优势分析法评估市场收益类变量和政策激励类变量影响农户意愿与行为过程中的相对重要性;最后,通过交互效应检验市场收益类变量和政策激励类变量间的交互作用。结果表明:收入预期对农户从事生态循环农业的意愿与行为均有直接的积极影响,是促进农户从事生态循环农业的最重要的因素;焚烧秸秆惩罚政策和废弃物资源化补贴政策对农户从事生态循环农业的意愿有积极影响,沼气池建设补贴政策和废弃物资源化补贴政策对农户生态循环农业行为有促进作用;收入预期与废弃物资源化补贴政策在影响农户生态循环农业行为的过程中存在互补效应。本研究认为,市场收益是刺激农户采纳生态循环农业生产模式的首要因素,因此,要着力完善生态农业市场体系,增强生态农产品的市场竞争力,提升农户对生态循环农业的盈利信心;另外,政策激励对于农户采纳生态循环农业具有促进作用,应该做到约束与激励并行,同时注意加强农业政策的科学设计与落实执行。Developing ecological agriculture is the strategic choice for China’s transformation of agricultural development in the new period.Since farmers are the main participants of ecological agriculture,it is significant to clarify the fundamental motivation of farmers to participate in the ecological circular agriculture and develop effective measures to promote the ecological agriculture.This paper used391households survey data in Hubei Province.First of all,on the basis of literature review,this paper hypothesized that market revenue and policy incentives could influence farmers’willingness and actual behavior to engage in the ecological circular agriculture,and used OLS estimation to analyze the effect of market returns and policy incentive on farmers’willingness and behavior.Then we used the advantage analysis method to evaluate the relative importance of the market returns and the policy incentives.Finally,we tested the interaction effects between market returns and policy incentives.The results showed that the income expectation had a positive effect on the willingness and behavior of farmers’participation of ecological circular agriculture and it was the key factor to promote farmers to engage in the ecological cycle agriculture.The penalties for burning straw and the subsidies for agricultural waste resource utilization had positive impacts on farmers’willingness,while the subsidies for biogas pool construction and waste resource utilization had positive impacts on farmers’behavior.Income expectation and the agricultural waste resource subsidy policy had complementary effects in the process of influencing farmers’willingness and behavior.The market return was the fundamental factor to stimulate farmers’adoption of ecological circular agriculture model.We should focus on improving the market system of ecological agriculture,enhancing the market competitiveness of agricultural products,and increasing farmers’confidence in gaining benefits from ecological agriculture.In addition,since policy inc

关 键 词：农户 生态循环农业 意愿与行为 市场收益 政策激励 

分 类 号：F303.4[经济管理—产业经济]