中国红树林湿地有机污染物研究进展  

Organic contamination in mangrove ecosystems of China

作　　者：张再旺 李甲亮[1] 隋涛[1] 程明明[1] 孙凯峰[2] ZHANG Zaiwang;LI Jialiang;SUI Tao;CHENG Mingming;SUN Kaifeng(Department of Resources and Environment, Binzhou University, Binzhou, 256603, China;South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510535, China)

机构地区：[1]滨州学院资源环境系,滨洲256603 [2]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所,广州510655

出　　处：《生态科学》2017年第5期232-240,共9页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21307140;41476099);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研项目(PM-zx703-201602-043;PM-zx097-201602-045);滨州学院"博士学位人员及具有硕士学位的高级职称人员科研启动费"项目(2016Y33)

摘　　要：随着经济的发展,分布于热带、亚热带沿海潮间带的红树林遭受到各类污染物的威胁。各种陆源有机污染物严重威胁着红树林湿地的水体、沉积物及生物体。汇总我国红树林生态系统水、沉积物及生物体内多环芳烃、多氯联苯、有机氯农药、抗生素、溴代阻燃剂等机污染物的研究结果,进而评价我国红树林生态系统的有机污染现状及生态风险。总体来看,已有多种污染物在红树林水体、沉积物及生物体中检出,有机污染物含量处于较低水平。红树林水体中有农药及抗生素检出;沉积物中多环芳烃、多氯联苯含量在珠江口地区最高,二者在沉积物中的潜在生态风险较低;DDT在红树林沉积物中的生态风险属于较低水平,但部分红树林区DDT含量存在超过ERM的现象,应引起重视;多溴联苯醚等"新型"有机污染物在珠江口红树林沉积物中普遍检出。多种有机污染物在红树林植物及林内生物体种存在生物富集效应。红树林是多种有机污染物的重要蓄积地。Accompanying with the rapid economic growth,mangroves along the coast of tropical and sub-tropical regions are facing greater pollution pressures.Organic pollutants discharged from land-based sources have threatened the water,sediments and organisms in these wetlands.Data on the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs),dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane(DDT),organochlorine pesticide(OCPs)and other pollutants in water,sediments and organisms from mangroves of China have been summarized to evaluate the current pollution status of mangrove ecosystem in China.Overall,varieties of organic pollutants have been widely detected in water,sediments and organisms from mangroves of China and concentrations of these pollutants are in low levels.OCPs and pesticides are measured in water from the mangroves.Higher concentrations of PAHs and PCBs are found in sediments from mangroves of the Pearl River Estuary and these pollutants tend to pose little risk to the biota.DDT concentrations in sediments of Zhanjiang mangrove deserve great attention.Newly emerging organic pollutants like polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)and decabrominated dipheny ethane(DBDPE)are also detected in mangrove sediments of the Pearl River Estuary.Varieties of organic pollutants are found in mangrove plants,zoobenthos and fish.Mangrove wetlands are important reservoir of organic pollutants.

关 键 词：红树林 有机污染物 生态风险 生物累积 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]