核桃炭疽病在山东地区季节流行动态及防治措施  

Seasonal Epidemic Dynamics and Control Measurement of Walnut Anthracnose in Shandong Province

作　　者：王清海[1] 李广强 刘幸红[1] 段春华[1] 张勇[3] 牛赡光[1] 朱文成[1] 亓玉昆[1] WANG Qing-hai;LI Guang-qiang;LIU Xing-hong;DUAN Chun-hua;ZHANG Yong;NIU Shan-guang;ZHU Wen-cheng;QI Yu-kun(Shandong Academy of Forestry, Ji5 nan Shandong 250014 , P. R. China;Agriculture Service Center of Zaozhuang,Zaozhuang Shandong 277000, P. R. China;Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai'an Shandong 271018,P. R. China)

机构地区：[1]山东省林业科学研究院,山东济南250014 [2]枣庄市三农服务中心,山东枣庄277000 [3]山东省果树研究所,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2017年第5期13-17,共5页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：山东省科技发展计划项目(2012GGB22004)

摘　　要：为阐明核桃炭疽病在山东省的季节流行规律,明确清园、药剂防治等措施的防治效果,2013年在山东省核桃主产区进行林间调查取样,开展清园、休眠期、生长期药剂防治等田间试验。结果表明,核桃炭疽病在山东省的季节流行动态先缓慢后快速增长,Richards模型能够较好地反映核桃炭疽病时间流行动态。病果率增长最快达到1.17%/d。秋末春初清园处理,园内核桃病叶率、病果率减少52.3%和58.3%,是减轻炭疽病危害的经济有效措施之一。落叶后以及萌芽前及时喷2次波尔多液,防治效果在65%以上。核桃生长期合理使用多菌灵、甲基托布津、氟硅唑等化学农药,防治效果在85.0%以上,能够有效控制炭疽病的危害。To find out the seasonal epidemic dynamics of walnut anthracnose in Shangdong and the efficacy of countermeasures such as pruning&cleaning and chemical control,systemic investigation and field tests were conducted in major walnut production areas in Shandong in2013.The results showed that the spread of seasonal walnut anthracnose was slow at the initial stage and then got rapid instantly,meeting with the Richards’s model which well describes the seasonal epidemic dynamics of walnut anthracnose.Based on this model,the highest increasing speed of diseased fruit rate was1.17%/d.Pruning and cleaning in the late fall and early spring were proved as economic and effective countermeasures,since the diseased leaf rate and fruit rate were52.3%and58.3%lower,respectively.Applied Bordeaux mixture twice after defoliation and before bud sprouting,the control effect was above65%.In growing season,when applied appropriately with Carbendazim50WP,Thiophanate methyl70WP and Flusilazole40EC,the efficacy was above85%,which controlled the anthracnose efficiently.

关 键 词：核桃炭疽病 时间动态 流行规律 Richards模型 防治效果 

分 类 号：S763[农业科学—森林保护学]