斜插式免耕穴播机设计与试验（英文）  

Design and experiment of inclined inserted no-tillage hill seeder

作　　者：林悦香[1] 尚书旗[1] 王东伟[1] 崔振超 杨红光[1] Lin Yuexiang;Shang Shuqi;Wang Dongwei;Cui Zhenchao;Yang Hongguang(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China;College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266061, China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学机电工程学院,青岛266109 [2]青岛科技大学机电工程学院,青岛266061

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2017年第23期8-14,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：Research and Demonstration of Crop Varieties Hanging Mechanized Drilling Technology and Equipment(201203028.6)

摘　　要：该文针对现有免耕播种机存在的机具防堵效果差、种肥深度精准度低、播种均匀性差等问题,设计了一种斜插式免耕穴播机。该机器播种施肥采用45°斜插入土方式,入土器的凸轮推杆开合机构,能够有效防止夹土、粘土、堵塞等问题;入土器的平行四杆仿形机构配合曲柄滑块入土机构,可保证播种深度一致、种肥同步、种肥侧深距离精确度高以及播种均匀性好;45°倾斜角易实现自动覆土功能。另外增设了可调链轮变速机构,充分弥补了现有免耕穴播机株距调整困难问题;改进了原有排种器和排肥器适应性差的缺点,采用多窝眼轮排种器,能够满足不同作物品种的播种需求。该机的工作参数(行距、株距、播深、肥位等)皆为可调,适应性更强。依据设计研制样机并进行玉米播种田间试验,结果表明:播种覆土均匀,播种深度和施肥深度合格率分别为90.52%和91.23%,变异系数分别为5.91%和6.26%,种肥水平距离和垂直间距合格率分别为95.71%和91.65%,变异系数分别为4.64%和8.01%;株距合格率92.13%,重播率4.60%和空穴率3.27%,满足JB/T 10293-2001《单粒(精密)播种机技术条件》中播种合格指数≥80%,重播指数≤15%,漏播指数≤8%的农艺要求。该研究可为精准免耕穴播机的设计提供参考。The purpose of conservation tillage is to protect soil structure,conserve water and maintain soil moisture.No-tillage sowing is the core of the development of conservation tillage technology.Focusing on many problems unsolved of no-tillage planter,such as the non-adjustable space between seeds,seeding only on a single line,high probability to be adhered and blocked,and poor adaptability,this paper proposes a new advanced design of no-tillage hill seeder.The hill seeder is connected to tractor with the suspension frame,and it can complete a seeding of three rows by three planting units at every run.Each planting unit is mainly composed of land wheel,seed metering device,fertilizer apparatus and45°inclined inserted digging implement.The digging implement is mainly composed of parallel four-bar mechanism,slider-crank mechanism and cam mechanism.The power transmission route is as follows:the land wheel rotates to obtain power,drives the seed metering device and fertilizer apparatus,and then through the chain drive to the parallel four-bar mechanism and slider-crank mechanism,completing penetration reciprocating seeding and fertilizer,while driving cam mechanism controls the opening and closing movement of the duckbill.The design of no-tillage hill seeder has the following features.Firstly,to efficiently avoid the problems of soil blocking,soil attaching,difficulties in opening and so on,this new hill seeder would perform an insertion into soil at a45?angle with a refined plugging unit.Secondly,this design has added configurable sprocket gears to solve the problem that the existing seeders could not adjust the distance between seeds.Thirdly,the design of the parallel four-bar mechanism makes the insertion of the crank blocks more smoothly with the unified seeding depths,at the same time the synchronization of seeding and fertilizer could be achieved.Additionally,all the parameters of the machine(e.g.rows spacing,plants spacing,seeding depth,fertilizer depth)are adjustable which could bring better adaptability.Field e

关 键 词：农业机械 设计 试验 免耕 打穴播种机 窝眼轮 入土器 

分 类 号：S223.23[农业科学—农业机械化工程]