超声气力喷雾对稻飞虱防治试验  

Experiment on prevention and control of rice planthopper by ultrasonic pneumatic spray

作　　者：缪宏[1,2] 江城 张燕军[1] 戈林泉[3] 张臣[1] Miao Hong;Jiang Cheng;Zhang Yanjun;Ge Linquan;Zhang Chen(College of Mechanical Engineering Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China;Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment of Ministry of Agriculture,Nanjing 210014, China;School of Horticulture and Plant Protection Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学机械工程学院,扬州225000 [2]农业部现代农业装备重点实验室,南京210014 [3]扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院,扬州225000

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2017年第23期73-79,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：江苏省科技计划项目(BE2016708);江苏省科技计划项目(BE2016134);农业部现代农业装备重点实验室开放基金项目(201604003);江苏省科技项目(BE2015338 BE2016346)

摘　　要：为系统研究超声气力喷雾对稻飞虱的防治效果,该文利用自制的超声气力喷雾系统,搭建稻飞虱超声气力喷雾试验平台,模拟水稻稻飞虱的生长环境。研究药液浓度、喷雾高度、移动速度、气力值不同作业参数对超声气力雾化幅宽、雾滴粒径的影响规律,并试验验证超声气力喷雾稻飞虱防治效果。试验结果表明:当喷头移动速度160 mm/s、流量5.5 mL/min时,其雾化率高,雾化效果更好,并且流量为5.5 mL/min时,农药利用率更高;通过统一其他参量发现:不同气力值下,粒径的平均值基本相同,都在25 um左右,并且在气压值为20 kPa,雾化宽幅达到240 mm;雾滴形成后,在叶片上的附着效果受到喷雾流量、雾滴直径、风速以及叶片倾斜角度的影响;对比普通喷雾,超声气力喷雾的农药利用率提高了35%~45%,对稻飞虱的控制效果提高了10%~36%。该项试验研究结果对于改进施药机具和技术却相对落后的现状,提高机械化化学农药防治技术具有指导意义和实际利用价值。In the current,ultrasonic atomization technology is becoming the key technology of ultra-low volume spray technology in facility agriculture.In order to systemically research the factors affecting the control effect of ultrasonic pneumatic spray on rice planthopper,in this study,the ultrasonic pneumatic spray test platform for rice planthopper was built.This test platform simulated the growth environment of rice planthopper by controlling the temperature,air flow and soil environment.The temperature of the test platform was adjusted by the heater through the PID(proportion,integral,derivative)control system.The air flow was controlled by the electric fan which was placed on the side.The soil was taken directly from the experimental plot in the Yangzhou University.The effects of different operating parameters such as liquid concentration,spray height,moving speed and strength value on the performance,wide width of spray and droplet size of ultrasonic aerosol were studied,and the control effect of ultrasonic aerodynamic spraying on rice planthopper was tested and verified.The biological dye Ponceau-G,which was used as tracer,and distilled water were mixed to be the hydrojet that had the same density and viscosity as pesticide.This kind of hydrojet can leave a trace that is not easy to spread on the qualitative filter paper.The performance and wide width of spray could be qualitatively observed on filter paper.The spray droplets were collected by the white oil which was used as the collection liquid.The droplet size was obtained by500times microscope and measuring micro ruler.The rice planthopper and rice seedlings from the Ecological Laboratory of Yangzhou University were placed in the test platform,and using the same configuration of imidacloprid,the control effects of ordinary spray and ultrasonic pneumatic spray on rice planthopper were compared.The experimental results show that when the nozzle moves at a speed of160mm/s and a flow rate of5.5mL/min,the atomization rate is the highest and the atomization effect

关 键 词：农业机械 喷雾 农药 超声气力喷雾 稻飞虱 防治 风速 气力值 

分 类 号：S491[农业科学—植物保护]