粉垄栽培水稻减施化肥的产量及经济效益  

Yield Reduction and Economic Benefit of Fertilizer Reduction in Rice with Smash-Ridging Cultivation

作　　者：甘秀芹[1] 周灵芝[1] 刘斌[1] 周佳[1] 李艳英[1] 申章佑[1] 吴延勇[1] 韦本辉[1] GAN Xiu-qin;ZHOU Ling-zhi;LIU Bin;ZHOU Jia;LI Yan-ying;SHEN Zhang-you;WU Yan-yong;WEI Ben-hui(Institute of Economy Crops, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, PRC)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院经济作物研究所,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2017年第11期17-20,24,共5页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2014BAD06B05);国家自然科学基金(41661074);广西科技重大专项(桂科AA16380017);广西农科院科技发展基金(2015YT60)

摘　　要：以特优582为供试材料,以常耕零施化肥(CK0)和常耕常规全量施用化肥(CK1)为对照,设置以粉垄常规全量施用化肥为基数进行6种减施化肥处理:粉垄零施肥(A0)、粉垄常规全量施用化肥(A1)、粉垄减施10%(A2)、粉垄减施20%(A3)、粉垄减施30%(A4)和粉垄减施40%(A5),对水稻分蘖动态、干物质积累量、叶绿素相对含量、相关产量性状和产量、效益等进行调查和分析。结果表明:粉垄A0产量比CK0增加7.98%;A1产量比CK1增产252.0 kg/hm2,增幅4.19%;A3产量最高,为6 366.0 kg/hm2,比A1、CK1分别增加1.62%、5.81%,与A1、CK1差异不显著,但其经济效益最好,达11 355.0元/hm2,比A1、CK1分别增多1 215和1 821元/hm2,增幅分别为12.0%、19.1%。由此,粉垄栽培水稻减施化肥10%~20%具有可行性;从兼顾统筹产量、效益和改善土壤污染等出发,提出在粉垄条件下水稻生产可进行减施化肥20%~30%的初步意见。Teyou582was used as material in the test,and conventional tillage without fertilization(CK0)and conventional fertilization(CK1)were used as control.The experiment included six fertilization treatments of smash-ridging tillage:smash-ridging tillage without fertilization(A0),conventional fertilization(A1),conventional fertilization decreased by10%(A2),conventional fertilization decreased by20%(A3),conventional fertilization decreased by30%(A4),conventional fertilization decreased by40%(A5).The tiller dynamics,dry matter accumulation,relative chlorophyll content,relative yield traits,yield and benefit of rice were investigated and analyzed.The result showed:The yield of A0increased by7.98%compared with CK0.The yield of A1increased252kg/hm2than CK1increased by4.19%.A3was the highest yield with6366kg/hm2,which was increased by1.62%,5.81%than CK1,A1respectively.The difference between A1and CK1was not significant,but its economic benefit was best,up to11355yuan/hm2.The increase was1215and1821yuan/hm2respectively compared with A1and CK1,and the increase was12%and19.1%respectively.Smash-ridging tillage cultivation of rice was feasible reducing fertilizer10%-20%.Starting from the balance of production,benefit and soil pollution,the preliminary opinion on the application of chemical fertilizer20%~30%in rice production under the condition of smash-ridging tillage was put forward.

关 键 词：粉垄栽培 水稻 减施肥料 产量 经济效益 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]