电子垃圾拆解区多溴联苯污染特征及健康风险  

Characteristics and risk assessment of polybrominated biphenyls from electronic waste dismantling places

作　　者：杨彦 温馨 彭明国 于云江[2] YANG Yan;WEN Xin;PENG Ming-guo;YU Yun-jiang(School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China;South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, China)

机构地区：[1]常州大学环境与安全工程学院,江苏常州213164 [2]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所,广东广州510655

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2017年第12期4781-4789,共9页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21377045;51574046);江苏省产学研前瞻性联合研究项目(BY2016029-17)

摘　　要：对浙江台州电子垃圾拆解区大气、土壤和地下水3种环境介质进行取样分析PBBs的污染水平、组成特征及可能来源,采用US EPA推荐的健康风险评价模型、中国暴露参数,对拆解区人群健康风险进行评估.结果表明,∑_9PBBs在大气、土壤和地下水中浓度分别为2867.99pg/m^3、868.50mg/kg和1.35mg/L,且各类同系物的贡献率也不尽相同.来源分析表明各环境介质中PBBs主要来源于电子垃圾的拆解活动,工业生产活动、高溴PBBs代谢活动、大气干湿沉降和地表径流也可能存在一定影响.健康风险评价结果表明研究区男、女性致癌风险分别为1.43×10^(-2)和1.44×10^(-2),非致癌风险分别为8.15×10^(-4)和8.22×10^(-4),均超过国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)推荐的最大终身可接受风险水平.Pollution levels,compositional characteristics and possible sources of polybrominated biphenyls were investigated from3environmental samples collected in Taizhou e-waste dismantling area.The health risk assessment model recommended by the US EPA and Chinese exposure parameters were applied to assess the health risk of the dismantling area.Σ9PBBs concentrations in the atmosphere,soil and groundwater were2867.99pg/m3,868.50mg/kg and1.35μg/L,respectively,and the contributions of the PBB homologues varied.Source analysis shows that PBBs in environmental media are mainly derived from the dismantling activities of electronic waste.Industrial production activities,metabolic activities of high brominated PBBs,atmospheric dry and wet deposition,surface runoff may also have some influences.The results of health risk assessment showed that the carcinogenic risk of male and female was1.43×10-2and1.44×10-2,respectively.The non-carcinogenic risk was8.15×10-4and8.22×10-4,respectively,which exceeded the maximum acceptable risk level recommended by ICRP.

关 键 词：电子垃圾拆解 多溴联苯 污染特征 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]