中国不同气候带人工林与天然林的土壤呼吸差异  

Differences in soil respiration between plantation and natural forest among different climate zones in China

作　　者：张克胜[1,2] 尚晴[3] 刘彦春[1] 韩艳婷[4] 马远超[5] 管勇[5] 琚煜熙[6] ZHANG Kesheng;SHANG Qing;LIU Yanchun;HAN Yanting;MA Yuanchao;GUAN Yong;JU Yixi(International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China;Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China;Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute, Kaifeng 475004, China;College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China;Xinyang Nanwan Forest Farm, Xinyang 464031, China;Administrative Bureau of Jigongshan Mountain Nature Reserve, Xinyang 464134, China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学生命科学学院/河南省全球变化生态学国际联合实验室,河南开封475004 [2]洛阳理工学院,河南洛阳471023 [3]黄河水利职业技术学院,河南开封475004 [4]信阳师范学院生命科学学院,河南信阳4640005 [5]信阳市南湾实验林场,河南信阳4640316 [6]河南省鸡公山国家级自然保护区管理局,河南信阳464134

出　　处：《生态科学》2017年第6期49-56,共8页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(31600379);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(17A180001);河南省博士后科研项目启动基金(2017)

摘　　要：通过国内外文献检索收集了201条中国森林土壤呼吸及相关环境因子数据,比较了不同气候带(热带、亚热带、暖温带、中温带和高原气候区)人工林和天然林的土壤呼吸差异。结果表明:中国森林土壤呼吸沿着气候梯度由南至北呈递减趋势,平均速率为2.67μmol·m^(–2)·s^(–1)。天然林平均土壤呼吸速率(2.89μmol·m^(–2)·s^(–1))显著高于人工林(2.40μmol·m^(–2)·s^(–1))。除了暖温带以外,其它四个气候区的天然林土壤平均呼吸速率均高于人工林。人工林土壤平均呼吸速率依次为:暖温带(3.17μmol·m^(–2)·s^(–1))>热带(2.83μmol·m^(–2)·s^(–1))>亚热带(2.20μmol·m^(–2)·s^(–1))>中温带(1.97μmol·m^(–2)·s^(–1))>高原气候区(1.14μmol·m^(–2)·s^(–1));其中高原气候区的土壤平均呼吸速率显著低于暖温带、热带和亚热带。天然林的土壤平均呼吸速率依次为:热带(4.40μmol·m^(–2)·s^(–1))>暖温带(2.75μmol·m^(–2)·s^(–1))>亚热带(2.70μmol·m^(–2)·s^(–1))>高原气候区(2.63μmol·m^(–2)·s^(–1))>中温带(2.37μmol·m^(–2)·s^(–1))。不同气候带森林土壤自养呼吸贡献率平均为33.1%(17.1—65.7%),天然林土壤自养呼吸比例(34.7%)略高于人工林(32.6%)。中国森林土壤呼吸的Q10值平均为2.56(1.46—3.60),沿气候梯度由南到北逐渐增加。不同气候带的人工林土壤呼吸温度敏感性Q10(2.38)要低于天然林(2.68)。Based on the201published data of soil respiration and other variables in different climate zones,we compared the differences in soil respiration between plantation and natural forest among different climate zones(tropics,subtropics,warm temperate zone,middle temperate zone,and plateau climate zone).Mean rate of soil respiration of forest ecosystems was2.67μmol·m-2·s-1in China,showing decreased trends with the climate gradient from South to North China.Plantation had a significantly lower soil respiration(2.40μmol·m-2·s-1)than that of natural forest(2.89μmol·m-2·s-1).Compared with natural forest,plantation showed consistently lower soil respiration in most climate zones except for the warm temperate zone.The order of mean soil respiration in plantation for five climate zones was warm temperate zone(3.17μmol·m-2·s-1)>tropics(2.83μmol·m-2·s-1)>subtropics(2.20μmol·m-2·s-1)>middle temperate zone(1.97μmol·m-2·s-1)>plateau climate zone(1.14μmol·m-2·s-1).Soil respiration of plantation in plateau climate zone was substantially lower than those in warm temperate zone,tropics,and subtropics.The order of soil respiration in natural forest within5climate zones was tropics(4.40μmol·m-2·s-1)>warm temperate zone(2.75μmol·m-2·s-1)>subtropics(2.70μmol·m-2·s-1)>plateau climate zone(2.63μmol·m-2·s-1)>middle temperate zone(2.37μmol·m-2·s-1).The contribution of autotrophic respiration for five climate zones ranged from17.1to65.7%,with a mean value of33.1%,and natural forest had a higher proportion(34.7%)of autotrophic respiration compared with plantations(32.6%).Temperature sensitivity(Q10)of soil respiration increased with the climate gradient from South to North China,and the average value of Q10for all five climate zones was2.56(from1.46to2.60).Plantation had a lower value of Q10(2.38)compared with natural forest(2.68).

关 键 词：自养呼吸 人工林 天然林 温度敏感性 土壤呼吸 林分起源 

分 类 号：Q142.3[生物学—生态学] S154.1[生物学—普通生物学]