不同放牧强度下植物种群密度的季节性变化  

The seasonal variation of population density under different grazing intensities

作　　者：单玉梅 温超[1,2] 陈海军 张璞进[1,2] 晔薷罕 木兰 常虹[1,2] 孙海莲 SHAN Yumei;WEN Chao;CHEN Haijun;ZHANG Pujin;YE Ruhan;MU Lan;CHANG Hong;SUN Hailian(Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China;Inner Mongolia Research Center for Prataculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China;Inner Mongolia Institute of Biotechnology, Hohhot 010010, China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,呼和浩特010031 [2]中国科学院内蒙古草业研究中心,呼和浩特010031 [3]内蒙古自治区生物技术研究院,呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《生态科学》2017年第6期125-129,共5页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31200351);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2014MS0318);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2015MS3084);内蒙古农牧业科学院青年创新基金项目(2014QNJJM11)

摘　　要：采用随机区组的试验方法,着力于探索内蒙古荒漠草原3种主要植物种群密度在不同生长季节随放牧强度变化而呈现出季节性的波动规律。研究对象主要是短花针茅(Stipa breviflora)、冷蒿(Artemisia frigida)和无芒隐子草(Cleistogenes songorica)。结果表明:上述3种主要植物种群总密度在放牧区均高于对照区;短花针茅和无芒隐子草枝条总密度的变化趋势基本一致,冷蒿枝条总密度总体逐月降低。整体分析而言,放牧期间(6—9月),短花针茅、冷蒿和无芒隐子草枝条总密度的峰值均出现在HG(或MG),说明放牧家畜的持续采食及践踏,导致了植物种群株丛发生破碎而趋向小型化,HG(或MG)由母株破碎而产生的小株丛多,故株丛总密度相应增加;另外,连续放牧致使大多数植株未能进行生殖生长即被采食,从而促进了植物的营养繁殖和营养生长,增加了种群密度。The experiment was designed with a randomized complete block in the desert steppe in Inner Mongolia,to explore the seasonal variation rule of population density with grazing intensity changing.The objects of study were Stipa breviflora,Artemisia frigida and Cleistogenes songorica.The results showed that the three plant population densities in grazing plots were higher than control.The variation trend of Stipa breviflora bunch density was accordance to Cleistogenes songorica,and that of Artemisia frigida decreased with month.During grazing season,from June to September,the peak values of the three plant bunch density were observed in HG plots.It illustrated that the continuous ingesting and trample resulted in clump broken,and trended to miniaturization to generate small clump to increase the population density.In addition,the continuous grazing caused that most of plants were ingested before reproductive growth,thus,it accelerated plant vegetative propagation and vegetative growth to increase the plant population density.

关 键 词：放牧强度 荒漠草原 种群密度 季节性 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]