不同生育时期施氮量调控对机采棉花冠层特性影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Canopy Characteristics of Machine Harvesting Cotton under Drip Irrigation during Different Growth Stages

作　　者：陈宝燕 马红红 牛新湘 马兴旺 杨涛 朱靖蓉 CHEN Bao-yan;MA Hong-hong;NIU Xin-xiang;MA Xing-wang;YANG Tao;ZHU Jing-rong(Agricultural Products Quality and Safety Testing Center of Midong District, Urumqi 830011, China;Research Institute of Soil, Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Northwest Oasis Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture of China,Urumqi 830091, China;Research Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-products, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China)

机构地区：[1]乌鲁木齐市米东区农产品质量安全检测中心,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所/农业部西北绿洲农业环境重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830091 [3]新疆农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2017年第11期1990-1998,共9页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：自治区重点研发任务专项"机采棉水肥一体化管理技术与产品开发"(2016B01001-2-4);国家重点研发计划课题3"新疆南部棉区棉花化肥农药减施增效技术集成与示范"(2017YFD0201903);国家自然科学基金项目"膜下滴灌棉花叶龄施肥SPAD诊断模式的建立及其对产量调控"(41361067)~~

摘　　要：【目的】通过调控施氮策略来改善冠层结构,提高机采棉产量品质。【方法】在基肥一致的基础上,不同生育期追施不同量氮肥,用CI-110冠层仪监测棉花冠层特性。【结果】在蕾期,LAI指数、MFIA指数和T指数均随着施氮量的增加而增加,TC指数和K指数均随着施氮量的增加而减小;在盛花期,LAI指数和K指数随着施氮量的增加呈先增加后减小趋势,MFIA指数和T指数随着施氮量的增加呈先减小后增加趋势,TC指数随着施氮量的增加呈先增加后趋于稳定趋势;在盛铃期,随着施氮量的增加,LAI指数先增加后减小,MFIA指数随之增加,TC指数先增加后减小,T指数先减小后增加,K指数先增加后减小。【结论】在盛铃期进行施氮量调控,对LAI指数具有很好的调控作用;MFIA指数、K指数和T指数在蕾期,盛花期,盛铃期差异不大;蕾期处理的TC指数值均高于盛花期和盛铃期。【Objective】The project aims to improve the canopy structure and the yield and increase the quality of machine harvesting cotton by adjustin the strategy nitrogen application rate.【Method】Different amounts of nitrogen fertilizer were applied at different growth periods based on the same basic fertilizer.Canopy characteristics of cotton was monitored with the CI-110canopy instrument.【Result】The amount of nitrogen regulation in bud stage,LAI index,MFIA index and T index were increased with the increase of amount of nitrogen fertilizer,TC index and K index decreased with the increase of amount of nitrogen fertilizer;In flowering period,LAI index and K index first increased and then decreased with the increase of application amount of nitrogen,MFIA index and T index decreased first and then increased with the amount of nitrogen increased,TC index increased first and then tended to be stable with the increase of the amount of nitrogen;In full boll stage,with the increase of nitrogen,LAI index increased first and then decreased,and the MFIA index increased with it.What was more,TC index increased first and then decreased,T index decreased first and then increased,K index increased first and then decreased.【Conclusion】At the full boll stage,nitrogen regulation has a good effect on regulating LAI index;The differences of MFIA index,K index and T index in the bud stage,flowering stage and full boll stage are not so great.The TC index value of bud stage treatment was higher than those of full flowering stage and full boll stage.

关 键 词：机采棉 生育时期 施氮量 膜下滴灌 棉花冠层 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]