氮磷钾肥配施对旱田大麦农艺性状和产量的影响  

Effects of Combined Application of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizer on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Barley in Dryland

作　　者：王仙[1] 聂石辉[1] 张金汕[2] 任毅[2] 耿洪伟[2] 张建平 徐其江[1] 董庆国[4] 方伏荣[1] WANG Xian;NIE Shi-hui;ZHANG Jin-shan;REN Yi;GENG Hong-wei;ZHANG Jian-ping;XU Qi-jiang;DONG Qing-guo;FANG Fu-rong(Institute of Cereal Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China;College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;Emin County Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Emin Xjinjiang 834600, China;Tacheng City Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Tacheng Xinjiang 834700, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [3]额敏县农业技术推广站,新疆额敏834600 [4]塔城市农业技术推广中心站,新疆塔城834700

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2017年第11期2028-2035,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-05)~~

摘　　要：【目的】研究旱作条件下,不同氮磷钾配比处理对大麦产量和农艺性状的影响,探讨旱田大麦施肥最佳配比,构建旱田大麦施肥模型,为施肥分区和肥料配方设计提供依据。【方法】旱作条件下,以大麦品种甘啤7号为材料,设氮、磷、钾3个因素、4个水平、14个处理的回归最优设计,进行氮、磷、钾三元二次效应方程拟合。【结果】氮、磷、钾对旱田大麦的增产效果依次为N>K_2O>P_2O_5;旱田条件下,增施氮肥大麦株高、穗长、穗粒数、千粒重和成穗数均有显著变化,增施磷肥大麦千粒重和成穗数变化显著,增施钾肥株高、穗长、小穗数、穗粒数和成穗数均有显著变化;生产上氮磷钾施用量分别控制在95.85、120.6和14.96 kg/hm^2以内。【结论】在中低肥力水平条件下,旱田大麦肥料投入中首先考虑氮肥投入,以氮定磷、钾,且N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O比以1∶0.83∶0.02为宜。【Objective】To explore the optimal ratio of fertilization to barley,build fertilization model of dry barley and provide the basis for fertilization zoning and fertilizer formula design,we study the effect of different NPK treatments on yield and agronomic traits of barley in the dry conditions.【Method】Under the condition of dry farming,using barley Ganpi No.7as the test material,the three elements,two effect equations of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium were fitted with the optimum design of3factors,4levels and14treatments.【Result】The effects of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium on barley yield were N>K2O>P2O5;plant height,panicle length,grains per spike,1,000-grain weight and panicle number were significantly changed with the growth of nitrogen fertilization in barley,1,000-grain weight and panicle number in barley fertilizer changed significantly with the increasing of P fertilizer application,and plant height,panicle length,spikelet number,grains per spike and panicle number varied significantly with increasing K fertilizer application under dry condition.The amount of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in the production were controlled within95.85,120.6and14.96kg/hm2.【Conclusion】Under the low fertility condition,nitrogen inputs should be first considered in fertilizer inputs,phosphorus and potassium are determined by nitrogen;N∶P2O5∶K2O with1∶0.83∶0.02is appropriate for barley in dryland.

关 键 词：大麦 旱地 施肥 产量 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S512.3[农业科学—作物学]