长白山森工集团天保工程生态效益动态变化  

Dynamic change of natural forest ecological benefit in Changbai Forest Industry Group since implementation of natural forest protection project

作　　者：王慧 王兵[1,2,3] 牛香[1,2,3] 宋庆丰 WANG Hui;WANG Bing;NIU Xiang;SONG Qingfeng(Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection,Chinese Academy of Forestry,100091,Beijing,China;Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment, State Forest Administration,100091,Beijing,China;Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-environmental Improvement with Forestry and Fruit Trees,102206,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,北京100091 [2]国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室,北京100091 [3]北京林业果业生态环境功能提升协同创新中心,北京102206

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2017年第5期86-93,共8页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项"东北森林生态要素全指标体系观测技术研究"(201404303);北京市科技创新服务能力建设项目"协同创新中心-林业果业生态环境功能提升协同创新中心(2011协同创新中心)(市级)"(PXM2017_014207_000043)

摘　　要：基于2000年底和2015年底,长白山森工集团森林资源二类调查数据和森林生态站长期监测数据,利用森林生态系统服务全指标体系,连续观测与清查(简称森林生态连清)体系,采用分布式测算方法,对研究区天然林生态系统,从涵养水源、保育土壤、固碳释氧、林木积累营养物质、净化大气环境和生物多样性保护等6项服务进行评估,量化并揭示长白山森工集团天保工程生态效益的动态变化。结果表明:在天保工程实施后,天然林各项生态系统服务物质量和价值量均呈现增加趋势,物质量增加量分别为涵养水源7.78亿t/a、保育土壤2 255.32万t/a、固碳释氧量191.87万t/a、林木积累营养物质6.35万t/a、释放负离子0.22×1023个/a、吸收污染物量2 879.16万kg/a、吸滞PM10总物质量122.43万kg/a、吸滞PM2.5总物质量18.38万kg/a;价值量增加381.75亿元/a,6项服务的价值量贡献顺序依次为生物多样性保护>涵养水源>保育土壤>净化大气环境>固碳释氧>林木积累营养物质,其中,生物多样性保护和涵养水源为研究区天然林生态系统服务的主导功能。天保工程实施后,保育土壤功能的生态系统服务价值量增加量最大,占总增加量的27%,涵养水源次之,对该区天然林生态效益影响最大。该研究为天保工程的后续开展提供借鉴和参考,为天然林的经营管理提供科学依据和指导。[Background]In1998,after the flood disaster,the state implemented Natural Forest Protection Project(N FPP).This indicates that China's forestry transferred from wood production to ecological construction.NFPP is one of the six key forestry projects in China,but its ecological benefit assessment is less.[Methods]Based on forest resource inventory data and the field measurement database of long-term observation data in Changbai Forest Industry Group by the end of2000and2015,combining the distributed calculation method,the continuous observation and periodical inventory of complete index system of forest ecosystem services(known as forest ecology continuous investigation)were applied to assess six services,including water conservation,soil conservation,carbon fixation and oxygen release,trees’nutrient accumulation,atmosphere purification,biodiversity conservation,and their characteristics were analyzed to quantify and reveal the dynamic changes of the ecological benefits of the NFPP in Changbai Forest Industry Group.

关 键 词：天然林资源保护工程 森林生态系统服务 生态连清体系 生态效益 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]