控释复合肥对麦套花生光系统Ⅱ性能及产量和品质的调控效应  

Effect of Controlled-release Compound Fertilized on Photosystem Ⅱ Performance, Yield and Quality of Intercropped Peanut with Wheat

作　　者：刘兆新[1] 刘妍[1] 刘婷如 何美娟[1] 姚远[1] 杨坚群 甄晓宇 栗鑫鑫 杨东清[1] 李向东[1] LIU Zhao-Xin;LIU Yan;LIU Ting-Ru;HE Mei-Juan;YAO Yuan;YANG Jian-Qun;ZHEN Xiao-Yu;LI Xin-Xin;YANG Dong-Qing;LI Xiang-Dong(College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University / State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai’an 271018, China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《作物学报》2017年第11期1667-1676,共10页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD11B04-2);国家自然科学基金项目(30840056;31171496);山东省现代农业体系花生创新团队首席专家专项(SDAIT-04-01)资助~~

摘　　要：以大花生品种606为材料,设置基肥∶拔节期∶始花期比例为35%∶35%∶30%,调查同比例的普通复合肥和控释复合肥施用后麦套花生叶片光合性能及产量和品质变化,以期探明花生叶片光系统II性能对不同肥料类型的生理反应机制。结果表明,花生结荚后期,各处理叶面积指数(LAR)、叶绿素含量(Chl)和净光合速率(Pn)均呈降低趋势;与施用普通复合肥处理相比,施用控释复合肥显著增加了花生叶片Chl含量,提高了LAR和Pn,延缓了叶片衰老。JIP-test分析表明,施肥可以引起荧光诱导曲线(OJIP曲线)显著变化,其中K、J和I点的荧光强度值明显降低。JCRF处理显著提高叶片捕获的激子将电子传递到电子传递链中QA下游的其他电子受体的概率(Ψo)和以吸收光能为基础的性能指数(PIabs),降低K点的可变荧光FK占Fj–Fo振幅的比例(Wk)和J点的可变荧光Fj占振幅Fo–Fp的比例(Vj),表明PSII反应中心电子传递链综合性能以及供体侧和受体侧的电子传递能力均明显提高,其中受体侧性能的改善大于供体侧。与普通复合肥处理相比较,控释复合肥处理的荚果产量和籽仁产量分别提高11.3%和15.2%,同时显著增加了花生籽仁蛋白质、脂肪和可溶性糖含量,提高了脂肪中油酸/亚油酸(O/L)的比值。因此,在等N-P2O5-K2O比例和等养分条件下,控释复合肥较普通复合肥可显著改善麦套花生叶片光合性能,有利于提高产量和改善品质。Peanut variety606was used to investigate photosynthetic characteristics,yield and quality of intercropped peanut with wheat,and to explore the mechanism of physiological responses of photosystem II to controlled-released compound fertilizer,which was35%for base fertilizer,35%applied at jointing stage and30%applied at initial flower stage.The leaf area index(LAR),chlorophyll content(Chl)and net photosynthetic rate(Pn)were gradually reduced at the late growth stage of peanut.Application of the controlled-released compound fertilizer increased Chl,decreased LAR and Pn,compared with that of common compound fertilizer.In JIP-test analyzing,the OJIP fluorescence induction curve was affected significantly by fertilization,and the fluorescence intensity of K,J,and I steps was significantly decreased.The probability of a trapped exciton moving an electron into the electron transport chain beyond QA(Ψo)and the performance index on absorption basis(PIabs)were significantly increased under applying controlled-released compound fertilization,while the relative variable fluorescence intensity at the K-step(Wk)and at the J-step(Vj)was reduced.The comprehensive performance of electron transport chain in PSII reaction center and the electron transport capacity both in the donor side and the receptor side were increased obviously,and the performance of the receptor side was greater than that of the donor side.Applying controlled-release compound fertilizers increased the pod yield and kernel yield by11.3%and15.2%respectively as compared with those of applying common compound fertilizers.While the controlled-released compound fertilizer treatment also increased the contents of protein,fat and soluble sugar in kernel,and increased the O/L ratio significantly.Therefore,Under the same application rates of N-P2O5-K2O,applying the controlled-released compound fertilizer can significantly improve the photosynthetic performance for improving yield and quality of peanut compared with applying the common compound fertilizer.

关 键 词：控释复合肥 麦套花生 光合特性 产量品质 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S565.2