花生穴播器强制开启机构的设计与试验  

The design and experiment of the forced opening mechanism on the peanut dibbler

作　　者：顾玲丽 张维强 刘敏基[2] GU Lingli;ZHANG Weiqiang;LIU Minji(College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University/ Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Equipment, Nanjing 210031, China;Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture,Nanjing 210014, China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学工学院/江苏省智能化农业装备重点实验室,江苏南京210031 [2]农业部南京农业机械化研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第6期676-679,共4页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家现代农业花生产业技术体系建设专项(CARS–14–08B)

摘　　要：为解决2BHM–2型花生覆膜打穴播种机穴播器鸭嘴不能及时或充分打开、压板引起地膜破损的问题,设计了一种鸭嘴强制开启机构。强制开启机构由活动鸭嘴、固定鸭嘴、拨杆、限位块组成。工作时,活动鸭嘴在拨杆和限位块的带动下能实现与固定鸭嘴的开启与闭合,从而完成定点播种。根据农艺要求,在分析穴播轮滚动状态基础上,确定了开启机构的结构参数:鸭嘴宽30 mm,高50 mm,拨杆长臂89.7 mm,短臂37.6 mm,限位块距离轮盘圆心119.4 mm。样机模型与原有压板式开启机构进行的田间对比试验的结果表明,压板式开启机构受土壤条件限制,穴粒数合格率最低值仅为85%,而强制开启机构的均达到90%以上,比压板式的提高了5.8%;压板式开启机构对地膜破损较严重,而强制开启机构对地膜几乎无破损。A forced opening mechanism on the peanut dibbler had been designed to solve the problems that the duckbills in the model of2BHM–2peanut planter couldn’t open timely or the membrane damage caused by pressure plate.The forced opening mechanism was consisted of moving duckbill,fixed duckbill,stir bar,and limit block.When working,the active duckbill could be opened and closed with fixed duck’s mouth under the drive of the pole and the limit block,to complete the spaced sowing.The structure parameters of the opening mechanism were determined by the analysis of the rolling state diagram of dibbler and the agronomic requirements.The width and the height of duckbill were30mm and50mm.The length of stir bar was89.7mm,and the short arm was37.6mm.The limit block was119.4mm from the center of the wheel disk.A field experiment was conducted for comparison between the model and the original opening clamp mechanism.It was obvious that the original pressure plate type was restricted by soil conditions,and the lowest pass rate was85%,whereas it can reach above90%for the forced opening mechanism with an increase of5.8%.The damage degree of the film for the original pressure plate type was higher,but was basically zero for the forced opening mechanism.

关 键 词：花生穴播器 鸭嘴 强制开启机构 对比试验 

分 类 号：S223.23[农业科学—农业机械化工程]