飞机尾涡演变及快速预测的大涡模拟研究  

LARGE EDDY SIMULATION ON THE EVOLUTION AND THE FAST-TIME PREDICTION OF AIRCRAFT WAKE VORTICES

作　　者：林孟达 崔桂香[1] 张兆顺[1] 许春晓[1] 黄伟希[1] Lin Mengda;Cui Guixiang;Zhang Zhaoshun;Xu Chunxiao;Huang Weixi(School of Aerospace,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100841,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学航天航空学院,北京100841

出　　处：《力学学报》2017年第6期1185-1200,共16页Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

基　　金：中国商飞与波音节能减排中心资助项目

摘　　要：随着我国人民生活水平的提高,航空运输的重要性与日俱增,航班延误问题也日益严重.尾流间隔(保障后机不受前机尾流影响的最小安全间隔)是制约机场效率的关键因素.针对这一工程应用问题,采用大涡模拟方法研究飞机尾涡在大气中的演变特性.研究工作首先发展了飞机尾涡演变的大涡模拟方法,将自适应网格技术应用于飞机尾涡演变的大涡模拟,大幅减少所需的网格量,提高计算效率.提出了升力面尾涡生成方法,在不增加计算量的情况下实现了尾涡卷起过程和远场衰减的组合模拟.在系列算例分析研究基础上,创建了基于大涡模拟计算结果的尾流间隔快速预测系统.该系统可以根据实时大气风场和进出港的前后飞机机型,快速预测并输出所需的尾流间隔.经过与场地测试数据比较表明,在北京市2014年的平均风速条件下,本系统预测的尾流间隔可在现有标准基础上缩减7%～50%,能够有效提高机场容量.As the commercial air transport increasing in China,the problem of flight delays is increasingly serious.Wake separation(the minimon separation between the leading and following aircraft to avoid wake encounter)limits the capacity of airports.Aimed at this problem,this paper study the evolution of wake vortex with large eddy simulation(LES).The self-adaptive grid method is applied to the LES of wake vortex to improve the computation effciency and a lift-drag model is applied to the wake vortex generation process to simulate the roll up phase.Based on the LES wake vortex evolution database,a fast-time wake separation prediction system is established.Given the real time ambient wind field and the aircraft parameters,the prediction system can output the suggested wake separation.The results show that under the average wind condition in Beijing Capital International Airport in2014,the current wake separation can be reduced by7%~50%with the established system,thus the airport capacity can be considerably improved.

关 键 词：大涡模拟 飞机尾涡 动态尾流间隔 快速预测 

分 类 号：V21[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]