利用气枪震源探测大陆浅部的地震学研究回顾与展望  

A Perspective Review of Seismological Investigation on the Crust at Regional Scale Using the Active Airgun Source

作　　者：王伟涛[1] 王宝善[1] 蒋生淼 胡久鹏 张元生[2] WANG Weitao;WANG Baoshan;JIANG Shengmiao;HU Jiupeng;ZHANG Yuansheng(Key Laboratory of Seismic Observation and Geophysical Imaging, Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100081, China;Lanzhou Institute of Seismology, China Earthquake Administration, Lanzhou 730000, GanSu, China)

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地球物理研究所地震观测与地球物理成像重点实验室,北京100081 [2]中国地震局兰州地震研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《地震研究》2017年第4期514-524,共11页Journal of Seismological Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41374070;41674061;41474048)共同资助;第一作者受云南省陈颙院士工作站(2014IC007)部分资助

摘　　要：气枪震源在大陆浅部探测中的应用日益广泛。首先描述了大容量气枪震源在陆地水体内的激发特征,分析了其由海洋转入陆内水体激发实现的激发模式、激发环境和探测方法的转变;然后介绍了气枪震源在探测大陆浅部速度结构及监测弹性波速随时间变化当中的应用;最后简述了气枪震源在地震学研究中的潜在应用及面临的挑战。实践证明,陆地水体内激发的气枪震源是一种绿色、环保、高效的人工重复震源,其激发的信号可用于区域尺度的地壳结构成像,在一定程度上可替代传统炸药震源。同时,其激发的高度重复的信号可用于弹性波速随时间变化的监测,测量精度可达到10^(-4)。气枪震源是一种新型的、发展中的震源,仍需要对其震源特性和信号处理技术开展深入的研究以拓展其在地震学研究中的应用。The application of air-gun source in the shaiow exploration of ttie continent is more and more widely.Firstly,we described the excitation characteristics of large volume airgun source in the land water are,the transformof excitation mode,excitation environment and detection method of the excitation frommarine airgun source to in on-land water bodies.Secondly,we briefly introduced the application the shallowvelocity structure ofthe continentand monitoring the elastic wave velocity time.Finally,we briefly described the potential applications and challenges of airgun source in seismology are.The practice proves that the airgun source excited in on-land water bodies is akind of green,environmentalprotection and efficient artificial repetition source.The excited signal of airgun source can be applied to the regional crustal structural imaging,and can partly replace the traditional explosive source.Meanwhile,the highly repetitivesignals exited by it can beused to monitor theelastic wavevelocity variation,and the detecting precision reached10-4.Overall,the airgun source is a new and developing source,and it is necessary to study its source characteristics and signal processing technology to extend its application in seismology.

关 键 词：气枪震源 浅部探测 波速变化 

分 类 号：P315.3[天文地球—地震学]