苹果新梢叶片发育及叶绿素含量的变化  

Development and Chlorophyll Content of Leaves on New Shoots in Apple

作　　者：侯莹 

机构地区：[1]陕西省土地工程建设集团有限责任公司,陕西西安710075 [2]陕西地建土地工程技术研究院有限责任公司,陕西西安710075 [3]国土资源部退化及未利用土地整治工程重点实验室,陕西西安710075 [4]陕西省土地整治工程技术研究中心,陕西西安710075 [5]中国农业大学,北京100094

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2017年第11期102-106,共5页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：为探明苹果新梢叶片的发育规律,以嘎啦苹果树为对象研究发育前期(从新梢叶片萌芽到花期结束)新梢不同树冠部位、不同长度类型枝条、同一枝条不同节位叶片叶面积和叶绿素相对含量的变化规律。结果表明:基部叶片发育最早,且发育期较短,约为20d;中部叶片的发育期晚于基部叶片,但发育期较长。顶部叶片发育最晚,此时已进入结果期。同一长度类型枝条基部节位叶片的叶面积均小于中部叶片,但叶绿素含量大于中部叶片。不同长度类型枝条上基部叶片的叶面积、叶绿素含量变化基本相似;中部节位叶片发育分为2个阶段:第1阶段叶片叶面积差异不大,叶绿素含量长、短枝>中枝,第2阶段叶片叶面积长枝>中枝>短枝,叶绿素含量长、短枝>中枝。树冠内外枝条基部叶片发育规律相同,其叶面积和叶绿素含量差异不大;中部节位内膛枝条叶片的叶面积大于外围枝条,但叶绿素含量差异不大。The area and chlorophyll content of leaves on different crown location of new shoots,on new shoots with different length type and on different node position of the same shoot are analyzed from leaf germination on new shoots to end of flower stage to explore development regularity of leaves on new shoots of Gala apple trees.Results:The development of base leaves is the earliest and the development stage is about 20 d.The development of middle leaves is later than base leaves but its development stage is relatively long.The development of top leaves begins during fruit-bearing stage of apple trees.The area of leaves on base node position of new shoots with the same length type is less than middle leaves but the chlorophyll content is more than middle leaves.The change of area and chlorophyll content of base leaves on new shoots with different length type is similar basically.The development of leaves on middle node position includes two stages.The leaf area is no obvious difference and chlorophyll content of leaves on long and short shoots >on medium shoot during Stage Ⅰ.The area of leaves on long shoot >medium shoot>short shoot but chlorophyll content of leaves on long and short shoots>on medium shoot during StageⅡ.The development regularity of base leaves on internal and external shoots of tree crown is the same and there is no obvious difference in leaf area and chlorophyll content.The area of leaves on internal shoot of middle node position is more than external shoot but there is no obvious difference in leaf chlorophyll content between internal and external shoots.

关 键 词：新梢叶片 叶绿素相对含量 发育 节位 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学]